{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T03:17:20Z","timestamp":1784431040587,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To investigate the efficacy and safety of Vancomycin Ophthalmic Ointment 1% (Toa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Toyama, Japan) in patients with external ocular infections caused by methicillin-resistant\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (MRSA) or methicillin-resistant\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (MRSE).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A case series.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was a multicentre, open-label, uncontrolled study in Japan approved as orphan drug status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with MRSA or MRSE external ocular infections unresponsive to the treatment of fluoroquinolone eye drops.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vancomycin Ophthalmic Ointment 1% was administered four times daily.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary and secondary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The subjective and objective clinical scores and bacterial cultures were collected at days 0 (baseline), 3, 7 and 14. The primary outcome was clinical response evaluation (efficacy rate) determined as\n                      <jats:italic>complete response<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>partial response<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>no response<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>worsening<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Secondary outcome was the eradication of the bacteria. Safety was assessed by adverse events including cases in which neither MRSA nor MRSE was detected.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty-five cases with MRSA (20) or MRSE (5) infections were enrolled. Of these 25 cases, 4 discontinued the treatment due to the negative results for bacterial culture during screening or at baseline. Of the 21 cases with conjunctivitis (14), blepharitis (3), meibomitis (1), dacryocystitis (2) or keratitis (1), 14 (66.7%) cases were evaluated as being excellently (\n                      <jats:italic>complete response<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 2 cases) or well (\n                      <jats:italic>partial response<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 12 cases) treated. The eradication rates were 68.4% in MRSA (13 of 19 cases) and 100% in MRSE (2 of 2 cases). Ten adverse events occurred in 7 (28.0%) of 25 cases at the local administration site.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vancomycin Ophthalmic Ointment 1% was considered to be useful for the treatment of intractable ocular MRSA\/MRSE infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,30]],"date-time":"2013-01-30T21:08:08Z","timestamp":1359580088000},"page":"e001206","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Vancomycin Ophthalmic Ointment 1% for methicillin-resistant\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    or methicillin-resistant\n                    <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/i>\n                    infections: a case series"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Chie","family":"Sotozono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiko","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masao","family":"Ohishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shiranekensei Hospital, Niigata, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiko","family":"Yano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yata Eye Clinic, Shizuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Origasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Toyama School of Medicine, Toyama, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Saiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toa Pharmaceuticals Co, Ltd, Toyama, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshikazu","family":"Shimomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeru","family":"Kinoshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(63)91687-8","article-title":"Methicillin resistance in staphylococci","volume":"1","author":"Jevons","year":"1963","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90076-7","article-title":"World-wide antibiotic resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"1","author":"Maple","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.3","first-page":"14N","article-title":"Conjunctivitis associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a long-term-care facility","volume":"88","author":"Brennen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S94","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000263127.84015.3f","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis infections in the cornea","volume":"21","author":"Sotozono","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(01)01076-8"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701465"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.086496"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.09.038"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2006.12.029"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.07.015"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)74467-8","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin-resistant bacterial keratitis","volume":"115","author":"Maffett","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)62935-2","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin and multiresistant staphylococci","volume":"349","author":"Cimolai","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2003.10.026"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.03.076"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3181d2ce25","article-title":"In vitro susceptibility patterns of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococcus corneal isolates to antibiotics","volume":"29","author":"Elsahn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1988.01060140738046"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(86)90820-2","article-title":"Topical vancomycin formulation for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis blepharoconjunctivitis","volume":"101","author":"Fleischer","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.18","first-page":"93","article-title":"Severe MRSA infection of the eye treated with vamcomycin ointment","volume":"17","author":"Fujita","year":"2000","journal-title":"Atarashii Ganka"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e328331fbcd"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-002-0219-1","article-title":"The intraocular dynamics of vancomycin hydrochloride ophthalmic ointment (TN-011) in rabbits","volume":"9","author":"Fukuda","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-009-0708-6","article-title":"The inhibitory effect of vancomycin ointment on the manifestation of MRSA keratitis in rabbits","volume":"15","author":"Eguchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-5155(98)00047-1"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00406-1"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2008.11.049"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)07324-8"},{"key":"2025121422151639000_3.1.e001206.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S86","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000263125.99262.42","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus ocular surface infection efficacy of chloramphenicol eye drops","volume":"21","author":"Fukuda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cornea"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001206","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T06:15:26Z","timestamp":1765779326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001206"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001206"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001206","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}}}