{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:37:00Z","timestamp":1787017020468,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to identify meteorological factors that could be associated with an increased risk of community-acquired Legionnaires\u2019 disease (LD) in two Swiss regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective epidemiological study using discriminant analysis and multivariable Poisson regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed legionellosis cases notified between January 2003 and December 2007 and we looked for a possible relationship between incidence rate and meteorological factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Community-acquired LD cases in two Swiss regions, the Canton Ticino and the Basle region, with climatically different conditions were investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vapour pressure, temperature, relative humidity, wind, precipitation and radiation recorded in weather stations of the two Swiss regions during the period January 2003 and December 2007.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Discriminant analysis showed that the two regions are characterised by different meteorological conditions. A multiple Poisson regression analysis identified region, temperature and vapour pressure during the month of infection as significant risk factors for legionellosis. The risk of developing LD was 129.5% (or 136.4% when considering vapour pressure instead of temperature in the model) higher in the Canton Ticino as compared to the Basle region. There was an increased relative risk of LD by 11.4% (95% CI 7.70% to 15.30%) for each 1\u2005hPa rise of vapour pressure or by 6.7% (95% CI 4.22% to 9.22%) for 1\u00b0C increase of temperature.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, higher water vapour pressure and heat were associated with a higher risk of community-acquired LD in two regions of Switzerland.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]],"date-time":"2013-03-06T21:29:36Z","timestamp":1362605376000},"page":"e002428","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Meteorological factors and risk of community-acquired Legionnaires\u2019 disease in Switzerland: an epidemiological study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Lisa","family":"Conza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss National Reference Centre for Legionella, Cantonal Institute of Microbiology, Bellinzona, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Casati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss National Reference Centre for Legionella, Cantonal Institute of Microbiology, Bellinzona, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Costanzo","family":"Limoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alpha5, Biometrics & Data Management, Riva San Vitale, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Gaia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss National Reference Centre for Legionella, Cantonal Institute of Microbiology, Bellinzona, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121411270459000_3.3.e002428.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.3.506-526.2002"},{"key":"2025121411270459000_3.3.e002428.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19493","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.15.08.19493-en","article-title":"On behalf of the European Working Group for Legionella Infections. 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Bericht Legionellen und Legionellose. Bern, Switzerland: Federal Office of Public Health FOPH, 2009."},{"key":"2025121411270459000_3.3.e002428.10","unstructured":"MeteoSwiss. Swiss Climate. Federal Office of Metereology and Climatology Meteo Swiss, FDHA Switzerland. http:\/\/www.meteosvizzera.admin.ch\/web\/en\/climate\/swiss_climate.html (accessed 20 Oct 2012)."},{"key":"2025121411270459000_3.3.e002428.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.5194\/nhess-10-723-2010","article-title":"Temporal patterns of fire sequences observed in Canton of Ticino (southern Switzerland)","volume":"10","author":"Telesca","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Hazard Earth Syst Sci"},{"key":"2025121411270459000_3.3.e002428.12","first-page":"2356","article-title":"Water vapour partial pressure control in neonatal incubator using prevision by multiple models","volume":"4","author":"Amorim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc"},{"key":"2025121411270459000_3.3.e002428.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/498248"},{"key":"2025121411270459000_3.3.e002428.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268806007552"},{"key":"2025121411270459000_3.3.e002428.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-009-0218-0"},{"key":"2025121411270459000_3.3.e002428.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026880800099X","article-title":"Warm, wet weather associated with increased Legionnaires\u2019 disease incidence in the Netherlands","volume":"137","author":"Karagiannis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"2025121411270459000_3.3.e002428.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-4453(91)91569-J"},{"key":"2025121411270459000_3.3.e002428.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.57.6.466"},{"key":"2025121411270459000_3.3.e002428.19","first-page":"504","article-title":"Des tours a\u00e9ror\u00e9frig\u00e9rantes sont-elles \u00e0 l'origine de cas de l\u00e9gionellose? Observations faites \u00e0 B\u00e2le-Ville","volume":"29","author":"Hohl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bull FOPH"},{"key":"2025121411270459000_3.3.e002428.20","unstructured":"Gaia V . Pr\u00e9vention de la l\u00e9gionellose: \u00e9tude \u00e9cologique de cas de l\u00e9gionellose diagnostiqu\u00e9s au Tessin pendant l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 2005, cartographie et contr\u00f4le microbiologique des tours de refroidissement [master thesis]. Switzerland: Universit\u00e9 Gen\u00e8ve, 2005."}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002428","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T19:27:16Z","timestamp":1765740436000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002428"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002428"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002428","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}}}