{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:07:53Z","timestamp":1791234473265,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the rapid influenza antigen detection test (RIADT) and determine which symptoms are relevant to results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single-centre, cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary care centre, Tokyo, Japan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>82 consecutive outpatients presenting with upper respiratory symptoms and fever \u226537\u00b0C at any time from symptom onset, between December 2010 and April 2011.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results of history and physical examination including age, sex, temperature, time of test from symptom onset, vaccination record and current symptoms (sore throat, arthralgia and\/or myalgia, headache, chills, cough and\/or throat phlegm, nasal discharge) were recorded. The RIADT and a fully automated respiratory virus nucleic acid test (Verigene Respiratory Virus Plus; VRV), the latter being the gold standard, were performed. Patients were divided into four groups: false negative (FN), RIADT\u2212 and VRV+; true positive (TP), RIADT+ and VRV+; true negative (TN), RIADT\u2212 and VRV\u2212; and false positive, RIADT+ and VRV\u2212. Groups were compared regarding age, sex, temperature, time of test from symptom onset, vaccination record and symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RIADT sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 72.9% (95% CI 61.5% to 84.2%), 91.3% (79.7% to 102.8%), 95.6% (89.5% to 101.6%) and 56.8% (40.8% to 72.7%), respectively. Time from symptom onset to test was shorter for the FN group than the TP group (p=0.009). No significant differences were detected for the other factors assessed. Results revealed higher temperatures for FN than TN patients (p=0.043), and more FN than TN patients had chills (p=0.058).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The RIADT sensitivity was low, due to early administration of the test. In the epidemic season, the RIADT should not be used for suspected influenza until 12\u2005h after symptom onset. A positive RIADT firmly supports the influenza diagnosis; a negative result does not confirm its absence. High fever and chills might indicate influenza, but additional tests are sometimes necessary.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-003885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,2]],"date-time":"2014-01-02T20:19:55Z","timestamp":1388693995000},"page":"e003885","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Factors influencing the diagnostic accuracy of the rapid influenza antigen detection test (RIADT): a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Mika","family":"Tanei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirohide","family":"Yokokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Murai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rino","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Amari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soushin","family":"Boku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Inui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazutoshi","family":"Fujibayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Uehara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Isonuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshio","family":"Naito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Infection Control Science, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121513434979000_4.1.e003885.1","unstructured":"US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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