{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T04:17:40Z","timestamp":1765081060375,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of the study was to examine whether the insertion (I) and\/or deletion (D) polymorphism of ACE confers susceptibility to primary pterygium in Sardinian patients in a case\u2013control study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Polymorphism genotyping was performed by nested PCR using genomic DNA extracted from the whole peripheral blood of participants with (n=251) and without (n=260) pterygium. DD, ID and II genotype frequencies were: 48%, 39% and 13%, respectively, for patients with pterygium, and 15%, 40% and 44%, respectively, for the control group. A statistically significant difference was found between the pterygium and control groups for the\n                      <jats:italic>ACE<\/jats:italic>\n                      I\/D polymorphism (p&lt;0.001). Moreover, a statistically significant difference was found between the DD and II groups (p&lt;0.01; OR=10.49; 95% CI 6.18 to 17.79), DD+ID versus II group (p&lt;0.01; OR=5.23; 95% CI 3.37 to 8.13) and DD versus ID groups (p&lt;0.01; OR=3.21; 95% CI 2.04 to 5.04).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Statistical analysis showed that the DD genotype is associated with an increased risk of developing pterygium, and with a good chance that the D allele may play an important role in the development of disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  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