{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T13:31:12Z","timestamp":1776691872143,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Recent observations revealed substantial differences in smoking behaviour according to individuals\u2019 migration background. However, smoking cessation strategies are rarely tailored on the basis of a migration background. We aimed to determine whether smoking behaviour and preferences for smoking cessation programmes differ between Austrian migrant smokers and Austrian smokers without a migration background.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Recruitment and interview were performed at public places in Vienna, Austria.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The 420 smokers included: 140 Bosnian, 140 Turkish migrant smokers of the first or second generation, as well as 140 Austrian smokers without a migration background.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We cross-sectionally assessed determinants of smoking behaviour and smoking cessation of every participant with a standardised questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Primary outcome measure<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Fagerstr\u00f6m Test for Nicotine Dependence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Secondary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Determinants of smoking behaviour, willingness to quit smoking and smoking cessation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Nicotine addiction expressed via the Fagerstr\u00f6m score was significantly higher in smokers with a migration background versus those without (Bosnian migrant smokers 4.7\u00b12.5, Turkish migrant smokers 4.0\u00b12.0, Austrian smokers without a migration background 3.4\u00b12.3, p&lt;0.0001). Bosnian and Turkish migrant smokers described a greater willingness to quit, but have had more previous cessation trials than Austrian smokers without a migration background, indicating an increased demand for cessation strategies in these study groups. They also participated in counselling programmes less often than Austrian smokers without a migration background. Finally, we found significant differences in preferences regarding smoking cessation programmes (ie, preferred location, service offered in another language besides German, and group rather than single counselling).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We found significant differences in addictive behaviour and cessation patterns between smokers with and without a migration background. Our results indicate a strong demand for adjusting cessation programmes to the cultural background.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-006510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]],"date-time":"2015-06-04T21:57:21Z","timestamp":1433455041000},"page":"e006510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Tobacco addiction and smoking cessation in Austrian migrants: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Matthias","family":"Urban","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Otto Wagner Hospital, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Otto Chris","family":"Burghuber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Otto Wagner Hospital, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Canan","family":"Dereci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masite","family":"Aydogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eldin","family":"Selimovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGKK-Zahnambulatorium, Mittersill, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Selmir","family":"Catic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private dental practice, Grafenw\u00f6rth, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georg-Christian","family":"Funk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Otto Wagner Hospital, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101810192169000_5.6.e006510.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-011-1571-x","article-title":"[Guidelines for smoking cessation\u2014update 2010]","volume":"123","author":"Lichtenschopf","year":"2011","journal-title":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"2025101810192169000_5.6.e006510.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.12291"},{"key":"2025101810192169000_5.6.e006510.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hughes JR , Stead LF , Hartmann-Boyce J , et al . 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