{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:29:57Z","timestamp":1788449397413,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were two main objectives: to describe and compare clinical outcomes and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) collected using standardised procedures across the European Registers of Stroke (EROS) at 3 and 12\u2005months after stroke; and to examine the relationship between patients\u2019 Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) at 3\u2005months after stroke and survival up to 1\u2005year across the 5 populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analysis of data from population-based stroke registers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>European populations in Dijon (France); Kaunas (Lithuania); London (UK); Warsaw (Poland) and Sesto Fiorentino (Italy).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with ischaemic or intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) stroke, registered between 2004 and 2006.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>(1) HRQoL, assessed by the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) of the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), mapped into the EQ-5D to estimate responses on 5 dimensions (mobility, activity, pain, anxiety and depression, and self-care) and utility scores. (2) Mortality within 3\u2005months and within 1\u2005year of stroke.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 1848 patients, 325 were lost to follow-up and 500 died within a year of stroke. Significant differences in mortality, HRQoL and utility scores were found, and remained after adjustments. Kaunas had an increased risk of death; OR 2.34, 95% CI (1.32 to 4.14) at 3\u2005months after stroke in Kaunas, compared with London. Sesto Fiorentino had the highest adjusted PCS: 43.54 (SD=0.96), and Dijon had the lowest adjusted MCS: 38.67 (SD=0.67). There are strong associations between levels of the EQ-5D at 3\u2005months and survival within the year. The trend across levels suggests a dose\u2013response relationship.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study demonstrated significant variations in survival, HRQoL and utilities across populations that could not be explained by stroke severity and sociodemographic factors. Strong associations between HRQoL at 3\u2005months and survival to 1\u2005year after stroke were identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-007101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,3]],"date-time":"2015-06-03T16:27:42Z","timestamp":1433348862000},"page":"e007101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Variations in Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and survival 1\u2005year after stroke: five European population-based registers"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Salma","family":"Ayis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Wellwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony G","family":"Rudd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"McKevitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Parkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles D A","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051513224864000_5.6.e007101.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)70221-0"},{"key":"2024051513224864000_5.6.e007101.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39059.456794.68"},{"key":"2024051513224864000_5.6.e007101.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.2.440","article-title":"Health-related quality of life among long-term survivors of stroke: results from the Auckland Stroke Study, 1991\u20131992","volume":"31","author":"Hackett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2024051513224864000_5.6.e007101.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-6-57"},{"key":"2024051513224864000_5.6.e007101.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu205","article-title":"The importance of patient-reported outcomes: a call for their comprehensive integration in cardiovascular clinical trials","volume":"35","author":"Anker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2024051513224864000_5.6.e007101.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12406","article-title":"Patient-reported outcome measures in skin cancer","volume":"168","author":"Black","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024051513224864000_5.6.e007101.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e318268aaff"},{"key":"2024051513224864000_5.6.e007101.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.1608"},{"key":"2024051513224864000_5.6.e007101.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8510(96)00822-6"},{"key":"2024051513224864000_5.6.e007101.10","unstructured":"Office of Health Economics. 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