{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T16:15:21Z","timestamp":1777133721468,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess self-perceived mental health in women treated with in vitro fertilisation (IVF) 20\u201323\u2005years previously, while comparing them to a reference group, and to determine any differences in mental health between those who had given birth, those who had adopted a child, those who had given birth and adopted a child and those who remained childless.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>A Center of Reproductive Medicine (RMC) at a Swedish University hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>520 women who had undergone at least one IVF cycle at the University Hospital in Link\u00f6ping between 1986 and 1989. 504 of 520 women (97%) were eligible for follow-up. While 34 women declined, 93 per cent (n=470) of the women agreed to participate. The reference group consisted of 150 women of the Swedish population included in a study that was used to validate the Symptom CheckList (SCL)-90.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Follow-up was conducted in 2008\u20132009. The SCL-90 was used to measure the women's self-perceived mental health and a questionnaire specific for this study was used to retain demographic information.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>The SCL-90 assesses 9 primary dimensions; somatisation, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism. There is also a global index of distress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women who had previously undergone IVF treatment were at increased risk of symptoms of depression (p=0.017), obsessive-compulsion (p=0.02) and somatisation (p\u22640.001) when compared to a reference group. In addition, the women who have remained childless are at increased risk of symptoms of depression (p=0.009) and phobic anxiety (p=0.017).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The majority of the women who have been treated with IVF 20\u201323\u2005years previously appear to be in good mental health. However, women who remain childless and\/or without partner after unsuccessful infertility treatment constitute a vulnerable group even later on in life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-009426","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,29]],"date-time":"2015-10-29T03:05:14Z","timestamp":1446087914000},"page":"e009426","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Mental health in women 20\u201323\u2005years after IVF treatment: a Swedish cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Vikstr\u00f6m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Josefsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Bladh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Sydsj\u00f6","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051514503598000_5.10.e009426.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.09.043"},{"key":"2024051514503598000_5.10.e009426.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.09.063"},{"key":"2024051514503598000_5.10.e009426.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/den154"},{"key":"2024051514503598000_5.10.e009426.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del355"},{"key":"2024051514503598000_5.10.e009426.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.04.023"},{"key":"2024051514503598000_5.10.e009426.6","first-page":"1327","article-title":"Women's emotional adjustment to IVF: a systematic review of 25\u2005years of research","volume":"\u2013","author":"Verhaak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"2024051514503598000_5.10.e009426.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000193","article-title":"Does childbirth cause psychiatric disorders? 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