{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:10:31Z","timestamp":1790712631904,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to use qualitative methodology to understand the current role of community pharmacists in limiting the use of antipsychotics prescribed inappropriately for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A qualitative study employing focus groups was conducted. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3 different geographical locations in the England.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Community pharmacists (n=22).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The focus groups identified an array of factors and constraints, which affect the ability of community pharmacists to contribute to initiatives to limit the use of antipsychotics. 3 key themes were revealed: (1) politics and the medical hierarchy, which created communication barriers; (2) how resources and remit impact the effectiveness of community pharmacy; and (3) understanding the nature of the treatment of dementia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that an improvement in communication between community pharmacists and healthcare professionals, especially general practitioners (GPs) must occur in order for community pharmacists to assist in limiting the use of antipsychotics in people with dementia. Additionally, extra training in working with people with dementia is required. Thus, an intervention which involves appropriately trained pharmacists working in collaboration with GPs and other caregivers is required. Overall, within the current environment, community pharmacists question the extent to which they can contribute in helping to reduce the prescription of antipsychotics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,16]],"date-time":"2016-03-16T22:54:15Z","timestamp":1458168855000},"page":"e010278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Role of community pharmacists in the use of antipsychotics for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD): a qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4152-9704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian D","family":"Maidment","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing (ARCHA), Aston University, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia","family":"Aston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Hilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Hull, Hull, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveed","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Child","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avante Care, Faversham, Kent, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.1","unstructured":"Alzheimer's Disease International 2013. World Alzheimer's report 2013 Journey of Caring: an analysis of long-term care for dementia. http:\/\/www.alz.co.uk\/research\/WorldAlzheimerReport2013.pdf (accessed 4 Aug 2015)."},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.2","unstructured":"Alzheimer's Research UK. Dementia statistics. 2014. http:\/\/www.alzheimersresearchuk.org\/dementia-statistics\/?gclid=COeXpKXM-b8CFcsJwwodJVsARQ (accessed 29 Sep 2015)."},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.00543.x"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-463","article-title":"Perspectives of carers on medication management in dementia: lessons from collaboratively developing a research proposal","volume":"7","author":"Poland","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.5","unstructured":"Department of Health. The use of antipsychotic medication for people with dementia: time for action living well with dementia: a National Dementia Strategy. London: Stationary Office, 2009. http:\/\/www.rcpsych.ac.uk\/pdf\/Antipsychotic%20Bannerjee%20Report.pdf (accessed 29 Sep 2015)."},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.6","unstructured":"Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC). National Dementia and Anti-psychotic Prescribing Audit. http:\/\/www.ic.nhs.uk\/dementiaaudit (accessed 31 Jul 2015)."},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.7","unstructured":"Royal Pharmaceutical Society, Dementia Action Alliance, NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement. The right prescription: a call to action reducing the inappropriate use of antipsychotic drugs for people with dementia. Royal Pharmaceutical Society, Dementia Action Alliance, NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement, 2014. http:\/\/www.rpharms.com\/support-pdfs\/the-right-prescription.pdf (accessed on 31 Jul 2015)."},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.8","unstructured":"Alzheimer's Society 2011. Optimising treatment and care for people with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. A best practice guide for health and social care professionals. http:\/\/www.alzheimers.org.uk\/site\/scripts\/download_info.php?fileID=1133 (accessed 29 Sep 2015)."},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-13-280","article-title":"Improving psychotropic drug prescription in nursing home patients with dementia: design of a cluster randomized controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Smeets","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jokanovic N , Tan ECK , van den Bosch D , et al . Clinical medication review in Australia: a systematic review. Res Social Adm Pharm 2015. [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10.1016\/j.sapharm.2015.06.007 doi:10.1016\/j.sapharm.2015.06.007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2015.06.007"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12585","article-title":"The effect of early in-hospital medication review on health outcomes: a systematic review","volume":"80","author":"Hohl","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.3931","article-title":"Community pharmacists and people with dementia: a cross-sectional survey exploring experiences, attitudes, and knowledge of pain and its management","volume":"10","author":"Barry","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38338.674583.AE"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp09X473295"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2007.03071.x"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7325.1340"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2009.02617.x"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61091-5"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cml075"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-12-155"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7174.2010.00079.x"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9566.2009.01193.x","article-title":"Compliance and concordance during domiciliary medication review involving pharmacists and older people","volume":"32","author":"Salter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sociol Health Illn"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.3109\/13561820.2014.906390","article-title":"Exploring the nature of power distance on general practitioner and community pharmacist relations in a chronic disease management context","volume":"28","author":"Rieck","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Interprof Care"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2014.04.006","article-title":"A qualitative study of English community pharmacists\u2019 experiences of providing lifestyle advice to patients with cardiovascular disease","volume":"11","author":"Morton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res Social Adm Pharm"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.26","unstructured":"Maidment ID . Medication-related adverse events in older people with dementia; causes and possible solutions [PhD thesis]. Aston University, 2013."},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1943"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.28","first-page":"600","article-title":"Perceived interprofessional barriers between community pharmacists and general practitioners: a qualitative assessment","volume":"53","author":"Hughes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpp.12008","article-title":"A qualitative exploration of opinions on the community pharmacists\u2019 role amongst the general public in Scotland","volume":"21","author":"Gidman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Pract"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-000939"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp14X681553"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.32","unstructured":"Trueman P , Taylor DG , Lowson K , et al . Evaluation of the scale, causes and costs of waste medicines. University of York and The School of Pharmacy, 2010."},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.33","unstructured":"Review of pharmacist access to electronic care records under way (10th July 2008) The Pharmaceutical Journal. http:\/\/www.pharmaceutical-journal.com\/news-and-analysis\/news\/review-of-pharmacist-access-to-electronic-care-records-under-way\/10016416.article (accessed 29 Sep 2015)."},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2008.03226.x","article-title":"Pharmacist-led medication review: comment on Holland et al","volume":"66","author":"Silcock","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpp.12040","article-title":"British pharmacists\u2019 work-life balance\u2014is it a problem?","volume":"22","author":"Seston","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Pract"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2524.2007.00749.x"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.37","unstructured":"Daily Telegraph. Boots, Tesco and Superdrug to get access to NHS medical records. 2015. http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/health\/11790711\/Boots-Tesco-and-Superdrug-to-get-access-to-NHS-medical-records.html (accessed 29 Sep 2015)."},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1017\/S1463423607000400","article-title":"Shared prescribing? A focus group study with community pharmacists","volume":"8","author":"Campion","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prim Health Care Res Dev"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-7-38"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-013-9486-6"},{"key":"2025120520554018000_6.3.e010278.41","unstructured":"NIHR\u2014Research for Patient Benefit. Current, Completed and Closed project. 2015. (last updated February 2015). http:\/\/www.nihr.ac.uk\/research\/research-for-patient-benefit.htm (accessed 9 Aug 2015)."}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010278","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T04:55:53Z","timestamp":1764996953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010278"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010278","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}}}