{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T01:12:10Z","timestamp":1789693930493,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the associations of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with neonatal high birth weight (HBW) in a sample of Chinese women living in southwest China.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A hospital-based case\u2013control study was conducted in Chongqing, China. A total of 221 mothers who delivered HBW babies (&gt;4.0\u2005kg) were recruited as cases and 221 age-matched (2-year interval) mothers with normal birth weight babies (2.5\u20134.0\u2005kg) were identified as controls. ORs were estimated using conditional logistic regression analysis. For the analysis, pre-pregnancy BMI was categorised as underweight\/normal weight\/overweight and obesity and GWG was categorised as inadequate\/appropriate\/excessive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the cases, mean pre-pregnancy BMI was 21.8\u00b12.8\u2005kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, mean GWG was 19.7\u00b15.1\u2005kg and mean neonatal birth weight was 4.2\u00b10.2\u2005kg. In the controls, the corresponding values were 21.1\u00b13.1\u2005kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, 16.4\u00b15.0\u2005kg and 3.3\u00b10.4\u2005kg, respectively. More cases than controls gained excessive weight during pregnancy (80.1% vs 48.4%, p&lt;0.001). No significant association was found between pre-pregnancy BMI and HBW babies (OR=1.04, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.11; p&gt;0.05). GWG was positively related to HBW after adjustment for gravidity, gestational age, newborns' gender and family income (OR=1.18, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.25; p&lt;0.001). The adjusted OR of delivering HBW babies was 5.39 (95% CI 2.94 to 9.89; p&lt;0.001) for excessive GWG versus appropriate GWG. This OR was strengthened among pre-pregnancy normal weight women (OR=10.27, 95% CI 3.20 to 32.95; p&lt;0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, the findings suggest a significantly positive association between GWG and HBW. However, pre-pregnancy BMI shows no independent relationship with HBW.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,17]],"date-time":"2016-08-17T02:39:46Z","timestamp":1471401586000},"page":"e010935","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Associations of neonatal high birth weight with maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain: a case\u2013control study in women from Chongqing, China"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9289-4985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yao 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