{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T12:24:50Z","timestamp":1782563090712,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To examine the associations between CD4 recovery, dyslipidaemia and apolipoprotein (APO) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) following highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retrospective observational cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A major HIV care clinic in Hong Kong.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>197 Chinese treatment-na\u00efve HIV patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Maximum CD4 count and its rise 2\u20133\u2005years after HAART initiation and their association with abnormal total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and 8 selected APO SNP at multiple time points.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Before HAART, abnormal levels of TC, TG, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were detected in 13%, 26%, 59% and 19% of the recruited patients, respectively. APOA5 \u22121131T&gt;C and c.553G&gt;T were significantly associated with high pre-HAART TG while APOE 2198C&gt;T was correlated with high TG at baseline and\/or a rise 2\u20133\u2005years following HAART initiation. Poor CD4 achievement, defined as the highest CD4 count &lt;350\/\u03bcL and a net gain of &lt;100\/\u03bcL, was associated with a low CD4 count \u2264200\/\u03bcL at baseline and a rise of TC beyond 5.17\u2005mmol\/L following HAART with or without the use of antilipid agents. Conversely, satisfactory CD4 achievement was associated with APOC3 3238GG genotype. Applying a linear generalised estimating equation, APOA5 \u22121131T&gt;C was shown to be a predictor of a weaker temporal trend for CD4 response in the presence of a low baseline CD4\u2264200\/\u03bcL.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Dyslipidaemia plays a predictive role in impacting immunological recovery following HAART, which could be partly explained by the APO gene SNP.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,12]],"date-time":"2016-04-12T00:09:56Z","timestamp":1460419796000},"page":"e010998","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Association of immune recovery with hyperlipidaemia and apolipoprotein gene polymorphisms following highly active antiretroviral therapy in a cohort of Chinese HIV 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