{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T18:22:34Z","timestamp":1793125354514,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the inter-rater reliability of measuring structural changes in the tendon of patients, clinically diagnosed with supraspinatus tendinopathy (cases) and healthy participants (controls), on ultrasound (US) images captured by standardised procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 40 participants (24 patients) were included for assessing inter-rater reliability of measurements of fibrillar disruption, neovascularity, as well as the number and total length of calcifications and tendon thickness. Linear weighted \u03ba, intraclass correlation (ICC), SEM, limits of agreement (LOA) and minimal detectable change (MDC) were used to evaluate reliability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      \u2018Moderate\u2014almost perfect\u2019 \u03ba was found for grading fibrillar disruption, neovascularity and number of calcifications (k 0.60\u20130.96). For total length of calcifications and tendon thickness, ICC was \u2018excellent\u2019 (0.85\u20130.90), with SEM\n                      <jats:sub>(Agreement)<\/jats:sub>\n                      ranging from 0.63 to 2.94\u2005mm and MDC\n                      <jats:sub>(group)<\/jats:sub>\n                      ranging from 0.28 to 1.29\u2005mm. In general, SEM, LOA and MDC showed larger variation for calcifications than for tendon thickness.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inter-rater reliability was moderate to almost perfect when a standardised procedure was applied for measuring structural changes on captured US images and movie sequences of relevance for patients with supraspinatus tendinopathy. Future studies should test intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the method in vivo for use in clinical practice, in addition to validation against a gold standard, such as MRI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NCT01984203; Pre-results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,24]],"date-time":"2016-05-24T23:49:21Z","timestamp":1464133761000},"page":"e011746","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Ultrasound assessment for grading structural tendon changes in supraspinatus tendinopathy: an inter-rater reliability study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6800-4532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kim Gordon","family":"Ingwersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Hospital Lillebaelt\u2014Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Hjarbaek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Musculoskeletal section, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Eshoej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla Marie","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Health Sciences Research Centre, University College Lillebaelt, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jette","family":"Vobbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shoulder Unit, Orthopaedic Department, Hospital Lillebaelt, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"Juul-Kristensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Radiography, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.051193"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.054817"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2007.038406"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-011-1132-4"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.07.017"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.037382"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-15-115","article-title":"Ultrasound-diagnosed disorders in shoulder patients in daily general practice: a retrospective observational study","volume":"15","author":"Ottenheijm","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Fam Pract"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.20088"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2014.04.018","article-title":"Inter-professional agreement of ultrasound-based diagnoses in patients with shoulder pain between physical therapists and radiologists in the Netherlands","volume":"19","author":"Thoomes-de Graaf","year":"2014","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-004-2448-4"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sunding K , Fahlstrom M , Werner S , et al . Evaluation of Achilles and patellar tendinopathy with greyscale ultrasound and colour Doppler: using a four-grade scale. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2014. [Epub ahead of print]","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3270-4"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11138\/mltj\/2014.4.1.066"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.13","unstructured":"Patijn JV , Beek JV , Blomberg S , et al . Reproducibility and validity studies of diagnostic procedures in manual\/musculoskeletal medicine. In: Patijn J, ed . International Federation for manual\/musculoskeletal medicine. 2004:3\u201335."},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.36.3.173"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/radi.2002.0382"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512472975"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-12-154"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hougs Kjaer B . Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of standardized ultrasound protocol for assessing subacromial structures (Submitted after revision). Physiother Theory Pract 2017. In press.","DOI":"10.1080\/09593985.2017.1318419"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.19","unstructured":"Ingwersen KG , Hjarbaek J , Eshoej H , et al . Sonographic assessment of supraspinatus tendinopathy as a future diagnostic and effect measure\u2014a reliability study of the assessment methode. XXV Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics; Glasgow, UK: ISB, 2015."},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-010-0032-9"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-014-0544-6","article-title":"Progressive high-load strength training compared with general low-load exercises in patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Ingwersen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/85.3.257","article-title":"The kappa statistic in reliability studies: use, interpretation, and sample size requirements","volume":"85","author":"Sim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.24","unstructured":"Fleiss JL . Reliability of measurement. The design and analysis of clinical experiments. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1999."},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2005.10.015"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Vet HCW TC , Mokkink LB , Knol DLL . Measurement in medicine\u2014a practical guide. New York, USA: Cambridge University Press, New York, 2011.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511996214"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e318295ba73","article-title":"Neovascularization prevalence in the supraspinatus of patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy","volume":"23","author":"Kardouni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-10-163"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2014.02.021","article-title":"Diagnostic value of tendon thickness and structure in the sonographic diagnosis of supraspinatus tendinopathy: room for a two-step approach","volume":"83","author":"Arend","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"2025121604265436000_6.5.e011746.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-013-2542-8","article-title":"Supraspinatus tendon and subacromial space parameters measured on ultrasonographic imaging in subacromial impingement syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Michener","year":"2015","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011746","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T12:27:05Z","timestamp":1765888025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011746"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011746"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011746","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]}}}