{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T19:57:32Z","timestamp":1794254252303,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was designed to investigate the effect of alcohol intoxication on clinical presentation of hospitalised adult trauma patients at a Level I trauma centre using propensity score matching.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Taiwan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Detailed data of 929 hospitalised adult trauma patients with alcohol intoxication, aged 20\u201365\u2005years, and 10\u2005104 corresponding patients without alcohol intoxication were retrieved from the Trauma Registry System between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2014. Alcohol intoxication was defined as a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) \u226550\u2005mg\/dL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In-hospital mortality and expenditure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with alcohol intoxication presented with significantly higher short-term mortality (OR: 3.0, 95% CI 2.0 to 4.4; p&lt;0.001) than patients without alcohol intoxication. However, on comparison with propensity score-matched patients with respect to sex, age, comorbidity, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), injury region based on Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and Injury Severity Score (ISS), alcohol intoxication did not significantly influence mortality (OR: 0.8, 95% CI 0.5 to 1.4; p=0.563). This implied that the higher mortality of alcohol-intoxicated patients was attributable to patient characteristics such as a higher injury severity rather than alcohol intoxication. Even on comparison with sex-matched, age-matched and comorbidity-matched patients without alcohol intoxication, patients with alcohol intoxication still had significantly higher total expenditure (17.4% higher), cost of operation (40.3% higher), cost of examination (52.8% higher) and cost of pharmaceuticals (38.3% higher).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The associated higher mortality of adult trauma patients with alcohol intoxication was completely attributable to other patient characteristics and associated injury severity rather than the effects of alcohol. However, patients with alcohol intoxication incurred significantly higher expenditure than patients without alcohol intoxication, even on comparison with sex-matched, age-matched and comorbidity-matched patients without alcohol intoxication.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T22:34:11Z","timestamp":1478039651000},"page":"e013176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Influence of alcohol use on mortality and expenditure during hospital admission: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Shu-Hui","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Executive Master Program, Department of Healthcare Administration, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiun-Yuan","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pao-Jen","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Shyuan","family":"Rau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Ai","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Executive Master Program, Department of Healthcare Administration, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Hua","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121219475312000_6.11.e013176.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2000.61.387"},{"key":"2025121219475312000_6.11.e013176.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2010.02.011"},{"key":"2025121219475312000_6.11.e013176.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-7922-10-2","article-title":"Alcohol-related hospitalizations of adult motorcycle riders","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"key":"2025121219475312000_6.11.e013176.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2003.64.358"},{"key":"2025121219475312000_6.11.e013176.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02110.x"},{"key":"2025121219475312000_6.11.e013176.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2002.63.372"},{"key":"2025121219475312000_6.11.e013176.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3182801cb4"},{"key":"2025121219475312000_6.11.e013176.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2005.01257.x"},{"key":"2025121219475312000_6.11.e013176.9","first-page":"1293","article-title":"Alcohol and other drug use among victims of motor-vehicle crashes\u2014West Virginia, 2004\u20132005","volume":"55","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2006","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2025121219475312000_6.11.e013176.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.19.3.210"},{"key":"2025121219475312000_6.11.e013176.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200505193522021"},{"key":"2025121219475312000_6.11.e013176.12","unstructured":"Borges G , Macdonald S , Cherpitel CJ , et al . 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