{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T19:24:03Z","timestamp":1790018643932,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","funder":[{"name":"HRB Interdisciplinary Capacity Award"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010414","name":"Health Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010414","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"HRB National SpR Academic Fellowship Award"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001590","name":"Health Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001590","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and later-life depressive symptoms; and to explore whether perceived social support (PSS) moderates these.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed baseline data from the Mitchelstown (Ireland) 2010\u20132011 cohort of 2047 men and women aged 50\u201369 years. Self-reported measures included ACEs (Centre for Disease Control ACE questionnaire), PSS (Oslo Social Support Scale) and depressive symptoms (CES-D). The primary exposure was self-report of at least one ACE. We also investigated the effects of ACE exposure by ACE scores and ACE subtypes abuse, neglect and household dysfunction. Associations between each of these exposures and depressive symptoms were estimated using logistic regression, adjusted for socio-demographic factors. We tested whether the estimated associations varied across levels of PSS (poor, moderate and strong).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>23.7% of participants reported at least one ACE (95%\u2009CI 21.9% to 25.6%). ACE exposures (overall, subtype or ACE scores) were associated with a higher odds of depressive symptoms, but only among individuals with poor PSS. Exposure to any ACE (vs none) was associated with almost three times the odds of depressive symptoms (adjusted OR 2.85; 95%\u2009CI 1.64 to 4.95) among individuals reporting poor PSS, while among those reporting moderate and strong PSS, the adjusted ORs were 2.21 (95% CI 1.52 to 3.22) and 1.39 (95% CI 0.85 to 2.29), respectively. This pattern of results was similar when exposures were based on ACE subtype and ACE scores, though the interaction was clearly strongest among those reporting abuse.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ACEs are common among older adults in Ireland and are associated with higher odds of later-life depressive symptoms, particularly among those with poor PSS. Interventions that enhance social support, or possibly perceptions of social support, may help reduce the burden of depression in older populations with ACE exposure, particularly in those reporting abuse.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T20:10:27Z","timestamp":1504296627000},"page":"e013228","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":263,"title":["Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and later-life depression: perceived social support as a potential protective factor"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"E Von","family":"Cheong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Sinnott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darren","family":"Dahly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia M","family":"Kearney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121601255143000_7.9.e013228.1","article-title":"The implications for training of embracing; A life course approach to health","volume":"2000","author":"Brundtland","year":"2050","journal-title":"Population"},{"key":"2025121601255143000_7.9.e013228.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.110.3.406"},{"key":"2025121601255143000_7.9.e013228.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.5.782"},{"key":"2025121601255143000_7.9.e013228.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.5.592"},{"key":"2025121601255143000_7.9.e013228.5","unstructured":"Thalida EM , Arpawong JL , Phillips DF , et al . 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