{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T14:46:11Z","timestamp":1791557171304,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lower limb amputations have detrimental influences on the quality of life, function and body image of the affected patients. Following amputation, prolonged rehabilitation is required for patients to be fitted with traditional socket prostheses, and many patients experience symptomatic socket\u2013residuum interface problems which lead to reduced prosthetic use and quality of life. Osseointegration has recently emerged as a novel approach for the reconstruction of amputated limbs, which overcomes many of the socket-related problems by directly attaching the prosthesis to the skeletal residuum. To date, the vast majority of osseointegration procedures worldwide have been performed in 2 stages, which require at least 4\u2005months and up to 18\u2005months for the completion of reconstruction and rehabilitation from the time of the initial surgery. The current prospective cohort study evaluates the safety and efficacy of a single-stage osseointegration procedure performed under the Osseointegration Group of Australia Accelerated Protocol-2 (OGAAP-2), which dramatically reduces the time of recovery to \u223c3\u20136\u2005weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The inclusion criteria for osseointegrated reconstruction under the OGAAP-2 procedure are age over 18\u2005years, unilateral transfemoral amputation and experiencing problems or difficulties in using socket prostheses. All patients receive osseointegrated implants which are press-fitted into the residual bone. Functional and quality-of-life outcome measures are recorded preoperatively and at defined postoperative follow-up intervals up to 2\u2005years. Postoperative adverse events are also recorded. The preoperative and postoperative values are compared for each outcome measure, and the benefits and harms of the single-stage OGAAP-2 procedure will be compared with the results obtained using a previously employed 2-stage procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study has received ethics approval from the University of Notre Dame, Sydney, Australia (014153S). The study outcomes will be disseminated by publications in peer-reviewed academic journals and presentations at relevant clinical and orthopaedic conferences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,23]],"date-time":"2017-03-23T20:12:54Z","timestamp":1490299974000},"page":"e013508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Single-stage osseointegrated reconstruction and rehabilitation of lower limb amputees: the Osseointegration Group of Australia Accelerated Protocol-2 (OGAAP-2) for a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Munjed","family":"Al Muderis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Auburn, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Norwest Private Hospital, Bella Vista, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Tetsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belinda","family":"Bosley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwest Private Hospital, Bella Vista, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiao Jiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit, School of AMME, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120600563258000_7.3.e013508.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2005.11.010"},{"key":"2025120600563258000_7.3.e013508.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03093640108726601"},{"key":"2025120600563258000_7.3.e013508.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199409000-00027","article-title":"Extent of disability following traumatic extremity amputation","volume":"37","author":"Livingston","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"2025120600563258000_7.3.e013508.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215511410731"},{"key":"2025120600563258000_7.3.e013508.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2005.02.014"},{"key":"2025120600563258000_7.3.e013508.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.11.005"},{"key":"2025120600563258000_7.3.e013508.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03093649709164528"},{"key":"2025120600563258000_7.3.e013508.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280701320797"},{"key":"2025120600563258000_7.3.e013508.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2011.03279.x"},{"key":"2025120600563258000_7.3.e013508.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-200108000-00003"},{"key":"2025120600563258000_7.3.e013508.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1040","article-title":"Skin problems of the stump in lower limb amputees: 1. 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