{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T02:20:26Z","timestamp":1774923626733,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maternal mental health has been largely neglected in the literature. Women, however, may be vulnerable to developing post-traumatic stress symptoms or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), following traumatic birth. In turn, this may affect their capacity for child rearing and ability to form a secure bond with their baby and impact on the wider family. Trauma-focused psychological therapies (TFPT) are widely regarded as effective and acceptable interventions for PTSD in general and clinical populations. Relatively little is known about the effectiveness of TFPT for women postpartum who have post-traumatic stress symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We will conduct a review to assess the effectiveness of TFPT, compared with usual postpartum care, as a treatment for post-traumatic stress symptoms or PTSD for women following traumatic birth. Using a priori search criteria, we will search for randomised controlled trials (RCT) in four databases: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, PsycINFO and OpenGrey. We will use search terms that relate to the population, TFPT and comparators. Screening of search results and data extraction will be undertaken by two reviewers, independently. Risk of bias will be assessed in RCTs which meet the review criteria. Data will be analysed using the following methods, as appropriate: narrative synthesis; meta-analysis; subgroup analysis and meta-regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Dissemination and ethics<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As this work comprises a synthesis of existing studies, ethical approvals are not required. Results will be disseminated at conferences and in publications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]],"date-time":"2016-11-24T21:40:54Z","timestamp":1480023654000},"page":"e013697","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effectiveness of trauma-focused psychological therapies compared to usual postnatal care for treating post-traumatic stress symptoms in women following traumatic birth: a systematic review protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Marie","family":"Furuta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debbie","family":"Spain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"Bick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, King's College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edmond S W","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Sin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK"},{"name":"Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1080\/02646830601117175","article-title":"Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in couples after birth: association with the couple's relationship and parent\u2013baby bond","volume":"25","author":"Ayers","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Reproduct Infant Psychol"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bastos MH , Bick D , Rowan CJ , et al . Debriefing for the prevention of psychological trauma in women following childbirth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;(2). http:\/\/www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com\/cochrane\/clsysrev\/articles\/CD007194\/frame.html (accessed 18 Jul 2012).","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007194"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2006.06.010"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01666.x"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.5","unstructured":"Knight M , Tuffnell D , Kenyon S , et al , eds. Saving Lives, Improving Mothers\u2019 Care\u2014Surveillance of maternal deaths in the UK 2011\u201313 and lessons learned to inform maternity care from the UK and Ireland Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths and Morbidity 2009\u201313. Oxford: National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, 2015."},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.6","unstructured":"National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE). Antenatal and postnatal mental health: the NICE guideline on clinical management and service guidance. Clinical guideline; 45. London: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, 2007."},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.7","unstructured":"Lewis GM , Drife JO . Why mothers die 2000\u20132002: the 6th report of the confidential enquiries into maternal deaths in the United Kingdom. London: Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2004."},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.8","first-page":"159","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress following childbirth: a review of the emerging literature and directions for research and practice psychology","volume":"8","author":"Bailham","year":"2003","journal-title":"Health Med"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1080\/01674820600714582","article-title":"Towards a conceptual framework for understanding post-traumatic stress symptoms following childbirth and implications for further research","volume":"27","author":"Slade","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (APA). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-V. Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Association, 2013.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3928\/02793695-20080401-01","article-title":"Do teenage mothers experience childbirth as traumatic?","volume":"46","author":"Anderson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-200407000-00004"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2005.07.002"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-8343(02)00189-5"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01674820802034631"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-12-125","article-title":"A systematic review of the relationship between severe maternal morbidity and post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"12","author":"Furuta","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01533.x"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2008.33"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.19","unstructured":"Lewis G, ed . Saving mothers\u2019 lives: reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer 2003\u20132005: the seventh report of confidential enquiries into maternal and child health in the United Kingdom. London: CEMACH, 2007."},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2009.01.004"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bisson JI , Roberts NP , Andrew M , et al . Psychological therapies for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;(12):CD003388. doi:10.1002\/14651858.CD003388.pub4","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003388.pub4"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.2.214"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.23","unstructured":"NICE. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): the management of PTSD in adults and children in primary and secondary care. Clinical Guideline 26. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, 2005. http:\/\/guidance.nice.org.uk\/CG26\/Guidance\/pdf\/English"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28186","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v6.28186","article-title":"Psychotherapies for PTSD: what do they have in common?","volume":"6","author":"Schnyder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sin J , Spain D . Psychological interventions for trauma in individuals who have psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychosis 2016:1\u201315. doi:10.1080\/17522439.2016.1167946","DOI":"10.1080\/17522439.2016.1167946"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sin J , Spain D , Furuta M , et al . Psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in people with severe mental illness. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015;(1).","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011464"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7916(89)90025-6"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.28","unstructured":"Creamer M , Forbes D , Phelps A , et al . Treating traumatic stress: conducting imaginal exposure in PTSD. Heidelberg: Australian Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, 2004."},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2004.03.006"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dennis CL , Hodnett E . Psychosocial and psychological interventions for treating postpartum depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;(4):CD006116.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006116.pub2"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dennis CL , Dowswell T . Psychosocial and psychological interventions for preventing postpartum depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;(2):CD001134.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001134.pub3"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1080\/01674820601142957","article-title":"Cognitive behaviour therapy for postnatal post-traumatic stress disorder: case studies","volume":"28","author":"Ayers","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-015-0560-x","article-title":"Women's experiences of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after traumatic childbirth: a review and critical appraisal","volume":"18","author":"James","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00974317"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820080032005"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820080038006"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02105408"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.60.5.748"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.39","unstructured":"Foa EB , Keane T , Friedman M, eds . Effective treatments for PTSD: practice guidelines from the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies. New York: Guilford, 2000."},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shapiro F . Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: basic principles, protocols, and procedures. 2001.","DOI":"10.1016\/B0-12-343010-0\/00093-3"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-197905000-00004"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.150.6.782"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bedford A , Foulds G . Delusions-symptoms-states inventory state of anxiety and depression (manual). Windsor: NFER, 1978.","DOI":"10.1037\/t14287-000"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.56.6.893"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ware J , Brook R , Williams K , et al . Conceptualisation and measurement of health for adults in the Health Insurance Study. Volume 1: Model of Health and Methodology. Santa Monica (CA): RAND Corporation, 1980.","DOI":"10.7249\/R2262.2"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.48","unstructured":"Higgins J , Green SP . Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011."},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7454.1490"},{"key":"2025121401344957000_6.11.e013697.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069930"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013697","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T09:35:01Z","timestamp":1765704901000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013697"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013697"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013697","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}}}