{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T21:20:13Z","timestamp":1773436813241,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","funder":[{"name":"Katsuzo and Kiyo Aoshima Memorial Funds, Japan;"},{"name":"Taiwan Brain Disease Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan,"},{"name":"CMU under the Aim for Top University Plan of the Ministry of Education, Taiwan."},{"name":"Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare Clinical Trial and Research Center of Excellence"},{"name":"China Medical University Hospital, Academia Sinica Taiwan Biobank Stroke Biosignature Project"},{"name":"NRPB Stroke Clinical Trial Consortium"},{"name":"Tseng-Lien Lin Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan,"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In accordance with the dichotomy between T helper type 1(Th1) and T helper type 2 (Th2) responses, the occurrence of allergic conjunctivitis (AC) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is, in theory, inversely related in the individual. However, recent studies investigating the association between the two diseases are controversial.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Population-based cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used claims data of the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified 4160 patients aged 1\u201330 years with newly diagnosed T1DM and no history of AC at baseline. For each patient with T1DM, four non-T1DM controls (n=16,640) were matched by sex. The mean follow-up time was 6 years.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Primary and secondary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk of AC. We additionally evaluated the association between risk of AC and T1DM progression by examining Diabetes Complications Severity Index (aDCSI) changes from the date of diagnosis until the end of follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The overall incidence of allergic conjunctivitis (AC) was higher in the type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) cohort than in the control cohort (23.0 vs 13.5 per 1000 person-years, adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR): 1.59, 95% CI 1.47 to 1.71). Relative to that in patients with mildly progressive T1DM, the risk of AC increased as the adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index (aDCSI) increased (aIRR: 1.68, 3.78 and 18.8, with yearly changes in aDCSI score: 0.51 to 1.00, 1.01 to 2.00, and &gt;2.00\u2009vs &lt;0.51, respectively; for trend &lt;0.001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients with T1DM are at an elevated risk of developing AC; this risk increases with T1DM progression. The T helper type 1\/T helper type 2 hypothesis is an overly simplistic explanation for this association.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-015795","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,19]],"date-time":"2017-06-19T20:10:30Z","timestamp":1497903030000},"page":"e015795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Risk of allergic conjunctivitis in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a population-based retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Yin-Huei","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Li","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management Office for Health Data, China Medical 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