{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T02:32:21Z","timestamp":1782700341297,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Explore associations between maternal and neonatal outcomes and maternal age, with particular reference to adolescent women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Population-based cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maternity department of a large hospital in Northern England.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primiparous women delivering a singleton at Bradford Royal Infirmary between March 2007 and December 2010 aged \u226419 years (n=640) or 20\u201334 years (n=3951). Subgroup analysis was performed using women aged \u226416 years (n=68). Women aged 20\u201334 years were used as the reference group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maternal and neonatal outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The odds of extremely low birth weight (&lt;1000\u2009g) were significantly higher in the adolescent group (\u226419 years) compared with the reference group (adjusted OR (aOR) 4.13, 95% CI 1.41 to 12.11). The odds of very (&lt;32 weeks) and extremely (&lt;28 weeks) preterm delivery were also higher in the adolescent group (aOR 2.12, 95% CI 1.06 to 4.25 and aOR 5.06, 95% CI 1.23 to 20.78, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Women in the adolescent group had lower odds of gestational diabetes (aOR 0.35, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.62), caesarean delivery (aOR 0.53, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.67 and instrumental delivery (aOR 0.53, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.67).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study identifies important differences in maternal and neonatal outcomes between women by age group. These findings could help in identifying at-risk groups for additional support and tailored interventions to minimise the risk of adverse outcomes for these vulnerable groups. Further work is needed to identify the causal mechanisms linking age with outcomes in adolescent women where significant gaps in the literature exist.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,16]],"date-time":"2018-03-16T10:20:33Z","timestamp":1521195633000},"page":"e016258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Impact of adolescent age on maternal and neonatal outcomes in the Born in Bradford cohort"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Katie","family":"Marvin-Dowle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health and Social Care Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Kilner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health and Social Care Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria Jane","family":"Burley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hora","family":"Soltani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health and Social Care Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121508100204000_8.3.e016258.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogrm.2015.06.001","article-title":"Social issues of teenage pregnancy","volume":"25","author":"Cook","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Reproductive Medicine"},{"key":"2025121508100204000_8.3.e016258.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12630","article-title":"Pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among adolescent mothers: a World Health Organization multicountry study","volume":"121 Suppl 1","author":"Ganchimeg","year":"2014","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"2025121508100204000_8.3.e016258.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767050400018064"},{"key":"2025121508100204000_8.3.e016258.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-13-1"},{"key":"2025121508100204000_8.3.e016258.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S002193200502701X"},{"key":"2025121508100204000_8.3.e016258.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-005840","article-title":"Impact of maternal age on obstetric and neonatal outcome with emphasis on primiparous adolescents and older women: A Swedish Medical Birth Register Study","volume":"4","author":"Blomberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2025121508100204000_8.3.e016258.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2012.01290.x","article-title":"The impact of early age at first childbirth on maternal and infant health","volume":"26 Suppl 1","author":"Gibbs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025121508100204000_8.3.e016258.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0056583","article-title":"Advanced maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcome: evidence from a large contemporary cohort,","volume":"8","author":"Kenny","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025121508100204000_8.3.e016258.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.90.3.395"},{"key":"2025121508100204000_8.3.e016258.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2007.04.001"},{"key":"2025121508100204000_8.3.e016258.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2010.05.012"},{"key":"2025121508100204000_8.3.e016258.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"East PL , Felice ME . 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