{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T15:34:34Z","timestamp":1773416074408,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the association between thiazide use and the risk of hip fracture after stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A population-based, propensity-matched cohort study was conducted on the basis of Taiwan\u2019s National Health Insurance Research Database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with newly diagnosed ischaemic stroke between 2000 and 2011 were included. After propensity score matching, 7470 patients were included, of whom 3735 received thiazides and 3735 did not.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HRs for developing hip fractures within 2\u2009years after stroke were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression model with adjustments for sociodemographic and coexisting medical conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, patients using thiazides after stroke had a lower risk of hip fracture than those not using thiazides (8.5 vs 13.9 per 1000 person-years, adjusted HR=0.64, 95%\u2009CI 0.46 to 0.89, p=0.007). Further sensitivity analysis based on the duration of thiazide use revealed that the risk of hip fracture tended to decrease as the duration of exposure of thiazides increased. However, the effect was significant only in patients with long-term use of thiazides (using thiazides for &gt;365\u2009days within 2\u2009years after stroke), with a 59% reduction in the risk of hip fracture when compared with patients not using thiazide (adjusted HR=0.41, 95%\u2009CI 0.22 to 0.79, p=0.008).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The long-term use of thiazides is associated with a decreased risk of hip fracture after stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,29]],"date-time":"2017-09-29T20:10:13Z","timestamp":1506715813000},"page":"e016992","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Thiazide diuretics and the risk of hip fracture after stroke: a population-based propensity-matched cohort study using Taiwan\u2019s National Health Insurance Research Database"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Shu-Man","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shih-Hsien","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hung-Yu","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chung-Chao","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3612-653X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huei-Kai","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121515253434000_7.9.e016992.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08657-9"},{"key":"2025121515253434000_7.9.e016992.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp266"},{"key":"2025121515253434000_7.9.e016992.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-005-2024-z"},{"key":"2025121515253434000_7.9.e016992.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980070115"},{"key":"2025121515253434000_7.9.e016992.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2003.51110.x"},{"key":"2025121515253434000_7.9.e016992.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3149","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-016-3632-5","article-title":"Stroke increases the risk of hip fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Luan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2025121515253434000_7.9.e016992.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980050053"},{"key":"2025121515253434000_7.9.e016992.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.1.47"},{"key":"2025121515253434000_7.9.e016992.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1159\/000226578","article-title":"Osteoporosis after stroke: a review of the causes and potential treatments","volume":"28","author":"Carda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"2025121515253434000_7.9.e016992.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.7.1572"},{"key":"2025121515253434000_7.9.e016992.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hs0302.103621"},{"key":"2025121515253434000_7.9.e016992.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.4037\/ccn2003.23.3.30","article-title":"Managing hypertension in patients with stroke. 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