{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T17:05:37Z","timestamp":1771261537585,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Non-specific genital infection (NSGI; non-<jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>, non-<jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>-associated urethritis) is a common diagnosis in symptomatic heterosexual men attending UK sexual health clinics (SHCs). but little is known about the psychosocial impact of this diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted an observational study among symptomatic heterosexual men attending SHCs to evaluate the psychosocial impact of an NSGI diagnosis compared with a diagnosis of <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> (CT), <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> or no abnormalities detected focusing on the feasibility of our study methodology. Participants completed a computer-assisted self-interviewing (CASI) including two validated measures of psychosocial impact: the EQ-5D-5L health-related quality of life and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, before diagnostic testing and 2\u2009weeks after receiving test results (follow-up 1 (FU-1)) and a qualitative interview. We compared scores between diagnostic groups using paired t-tests, qualitative data were analysed thematically and feasibility was assessed by process analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>60 men completed the baseline CASI (75% response rate). 46 (76.6%) were eligible for follow-up; 11\/46 (23.9%) completed the follow-up CASI, and 3\/11 (27.3%) completed the qualitative interview. 81.7% of all participants left CASI feedback at baseline: 73.5% reported the questionnaire as \u2018fine\u2019 or \u2018very good\u2019. Qualitative interview participants reported the study was acceptable. Compared with baseline, among patients completing FU-1, only patients with a diagnosis of NSGI (p&lt;0.05) or CT (p&lt;0.05) showed increased EQ-5D-5L Index, whereas patients with a diagnosis of NSGI (p=0.05) showed decreased mean Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale score.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although most participants indicated study acceptability at baseline, and we employed measures to increase retention (CASI questionnaires, reminder messages and a focus on men\u2019s health), we experienced high loss to follow-up. We found that heterosexual men attending SHCs with symptoms of urethritis experience both positive and negative psychosocial impacts following their clinic attendance, which warrants further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-018213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,30]],"date-time":"2018-06-30T05:25:17Z","timestamp":1530336317000},"page":"e018213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Health-related quality of life and psychosocial impacts of a diagnosis of non-specific genital infection in symptomatic heterosexual men attending UK sexual health clinics: a feasibility study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1892-8598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Hill-Tout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"St Georges University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"Public Health England, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma M","family":"Harding-Esch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health England, London, UK"},{"name":"Applied Diagnostic Research and Evaluation Unit, Institute for Infection & Immunity St George\u2019s, University of London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agata","family":"Pacho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Diagnostic Research and Evaluation Unit, Institute for Infection & Immunity St George\u2019s, University of London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Furegato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health England, London, UK"},{"name":"Applied Diagnostic Research and Evaluation Unit, Institute for Infection & Immunity St George\u2019s, University of London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastian S","family":"Fuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Diagnostic Research and Evaluation Unit, Institute for Infection & Immunity St George\u2019s, University of London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed Tariq","family":"Sadiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Georges University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"Public Health England, London, UK"},{"name":"Applied Diagnostic Research and Evaluation Unit, Institute for Infection & Immunity St George\u2019s, University of London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101812455099000_8.6.e018213.1","unstructured":"Public Health England. 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