{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T07:17:59Z","timestamp":1791875879027,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and the Divisions of Respirology and Cardiology at the Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada."},{"name":"Local Health Integration Network"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the feasibility of a Community-Based Participatory Tobacco Dependence Strategy (PROMPT) in the inner city population of Ottawa (Canada).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A feasibility mixed methods prospective cohort study following principles of community-based participatory action research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recruited 80 people whouse drugs, followed them for 6\u2009months while providing access to counselling, nicotine replacement therapy and peer-support in a community setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Community research office in downtown Ottawa, adjacent to low-income housing, shelter services and street-based drug consumption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary outcome<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retention rate at 6-month follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Secondary outcome<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Biochemically validated 7-day point prevalence smoking abstinence at 26 weeks, self-reported abstinence in the past 7 days with exhaled carbon monoxide \u226410\u2009ppm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The average age of participants was 43.8 years. The 6-month follow-up rate was 42.5%. The mean number of smoking years reported was 27.3 years. The participants were 70% male, 33.7% reported less than a high-school education, 21% identified as indigenous and 43.8% reported an income between US$1000 and US$1999 per month. The baseline mean daily cigarette use was 20.5 and 9.3 cigarettes at study end, with mean reduction of 11.2 cigarettes at 6\u2009months (P=0.0001). There was a considerable reduction in self-reported illicit substance use (18.8%), including a reduction in the opioids heroin (6.3%), fentanyl (2.6%) and Oxycontin (3.8%). The study findings also reveal psycho-socioeconomic benefits such as improved health, return to work and greater community engagement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PROMPT project describes socioeconomic variables associated with tobacco and polysubstance use. A programme focused on tobacco dependence, easily accessible in the community and led by community peers with lived experience is feasible to implement and has the potential to support positive life changes. PROMPT\u2019s patient engagement model is an effective harm-reduction strategy for the growing opioid use crisis and can improve the health outcomes of marginalised at-risk populations worldwide.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-018416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,25]],"date-time":"2018-01-25T09:20:18Z","timestamp":1516872018000},"page":"e018416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Management and Point-of-Care for Tobacco Dependence (PROMPT): a feasibility mixed methods community-based participatory action research project in Ottawa, Canada"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Smita","family":"Pakhale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Charron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Florence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Bridge Engagement Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Bridge Engagement Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadia","family":"Jama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Boyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oasis, Sandy Hill Community Health Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Mental Health Association, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Tyndall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, Canada"},{"name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121422405049000_8.1.e018416.1","unstructured":"U.S.Department of Health and Human Services. 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