{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T13:08:47Z","timestamp":1780405727363,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","funder":[{"name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) post doctoral fellowship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u2018Core outcome sets\u2019 are an agreed, standardised set of outcomes based on what key stakeholders (clinicians, patients, their partners, researchers, service developers, funding organisations and so on) consider the important outcomes in the management or prevention of a condition. This paper describes the rationale and design for the development of Core Outcome Sets for Miscarriage Trials.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Systematic reviews, interviews and focus groups with patients and their partners will be conducted to identify potential core outcomes that will be introduced into a modified Delphi survey. To ensure all key stakeholders are included, patients, partners, clinicians, charities and researchers will be invited to take part in the modified Delphi survey. There will be three rounds of scoring and rescoring during the Delphi survey to reach consensus regarding outcomes to be included in the core set, which will be subsequently refined through face-to-face consensus discussions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The use of core outcome sets allows results from different studies to be compared and combined, thereby reducing inconsistency and aiding interpretation of study findings. It also means research is more likely to report relevant outcomes and so can reduce reporting bias. Understanding which outcomes are important to patients has the potential to act as a driver to improve both the quality and cost-effectiveness of miscarriage services.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-018535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,16]],"date-time":"2017-11-16T23:30:28Z","timestamp":1510875028000},"page":"e018535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Core Outcome Sets in Miscarriage Trials (COSMisT) study: a study protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Paul","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Department, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham Women\u2019s Hospital, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London and Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rima","family":"Dhillon-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Department, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham Women\u2019s Hospital, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"O\u2019Toole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Voices Involvement Panel, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T Justin","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Department, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham Women\u2019s Hospital, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arri","family":"Coomarasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Department, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham Women\u2019s Hospital, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101810354091000_7.11.e018535.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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