{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T23:09:41Z","timestamp":1792192181751,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","funder":[{"name":"Korean Healthcare Technology R&D project"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The predictors of pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (PICM) for complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) have not yet been defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the major determinant of the occurrence of PICM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a multicentre, retrospective analysis of CAVB from tertiary referral centres in Daejeon, South Korea.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cohort of 900 consecutive patients with an implanted pacemaker was collected from December 2001 to August 2015. Of these, a total of 130 patients with CAVB with pacing-dependent rhythm who underwent ECG and echocardiogram before and after implantation were analysed for the occurrence of PICM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cox proportional hazards models evaluated the determinant of PICM by ECG, device parameters and echocardiogram over a mean of 4.5 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PICM was observed in 16.1% (n=21) of all patients with CAVB (age, 64\u00b111 years; male, 36.2%). The preimplant left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (66%\u00b19% vs 66%\u00b18%) and non-apical pacing (40.4% vs 33.3%) were similar; however, the native QRS duration (124\u00b134 ms vs 149\u00b132 ms) and the paced QRS duration (pQRSd) (139\u00b129 ms vs 167\u00b128 ms) were significantly different between the two groups. The postimplant LV ejection fraction (61%\u00b17% vs 31%\u00b18%) was also significantly different at the end of follow-up. A pQRSd significantly correlated with PICM (HR 1.05, 95%\u2009CI 1.02 to 1.09, P=0.001). A pQRSd with a cut-off value of above 140 ms had a sensitivity of 95% while a pQRSd with a cut-off value of above 167 ms had a specificity of 90% for PICM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with CAVB with pacing-dependent rhythm, regardless of the pacing site, the pQRSd is a major determinant of the occurrence of PICM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-019048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]],"date-time":"2018-02-08T09:15:41Z","timestamp":1518081341000},"page":"e019048","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Major determinant of the occurrence of pacing-induced cardiomyopathy in complete atrioventricular block: a multicentre, retrospective analysis over a 15-year period in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Jun Hyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ki-Woon","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Eulji University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Yeon","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Eulji University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae-Seok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Catholic Saint Hospital, Daejeon, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae-Hyeong","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Chungnam 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