{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T23:11:18Z","timestamp":1790291478324,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","funder":[{"name":"China-UK Prosperity Found"},{"name":"Medical Research Council of the United Kingdom"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the occurrence of reported respiratory tract infection (RTI) symptoms and their effects on use of self and professional care among patients in the community.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional retrospective household survey.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>12 administrative villages from rural Anhui, China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>2160 rural adult residents aged \u226518 years registered as rural residents and actually living in the sampled villages when this study was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The respondents were recruited using stratified-clustered randomised sampling. A structured questionnaire was deployed to solicit information about social demographics, symptoms of last RTI and healthcare-seeking following the RTI. Descriptive analyses were performed to investigate the reported symptoms, and multivariate logistic regression models were developed to identify relationships between number of concurrent symptoms and healthcare-seeking and antibiotics use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 1968 residents completed the survey, resulting in a response rate of 91.1%. The number of concurrent symptoms showed a clear increasing trend with seeking help from clinics and being prescribed antibiotics. Multivariate regression revealed statistically significant associations between the following: (a) visiting clinics and education (OR=0.790), sore throat (OR=1.355), cough (OR=1.492), shortness of breath (OR=1.707) and fever (OR=2.142); (b) buying medicine from shops without prescription and education (OR=1.230) and cough (OR=1.452); (c) getting antibiotics at clinics and sore throat (OR=2.05) and earache and\/or tinnitus (OR=4.884); and (d) obtaining antibiotics at medicine shops and productive cough (OR=1.971).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reported RTI symptoms play an important role in shaping both patient- and doctor-led responses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-019492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,13]],"date-time":"2018-02-13T11:20:24Z","timestamp":1518520824000},"page":"e019492","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["How patients\u2019 experiences of respiratory tract infections affect healthcare-seeking and antibiotic use: insights from a cross-sectional survey in rural Anhui, China"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Mengjie","family":"Diao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingrong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Library Department of Literature Retrieval and Analysis, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panpan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongyao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9708-9659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121401243528000_8.2.e019492.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.2003.tb00416.x"},{"key":"2025121401243528000_8.2.e019492.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.4236\/ojrd.2013.34026","article-title":"A survey of the experience and impact of acute upper respiratory tract infections on people in six countries in the 2011\/2012 common cold and flu season","volume":"03","author":"Hull","year":"2013","journal-title":"Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases"},{"key":"2025121401243528000_8.2.e019492.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61682-2"},{"key":"2025121401243528000_8.2.e019492.4","unstructured":"WHO. 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