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Infants born preterm miss some of this in utero provision of DHA, and have an increased risk of suboptimal neurodevelopment. It is thought that supplementing infants born preterm with DHA may improve developmental outcomes. The aim of this follow-up is to determine whether DHA supplementation in infants born preterm can improve areas of the brain associated with frontal lobe function, namely attention and distractibility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We will assess a subset of children from the N-3 (omega-3) Fatty Acids for Improvement in Respiratory Outcomes (N3RO) multicentre double-blind randomised controlled trial of DHA supplementation. Infants born &lt;29 weeks\u2019 completed gestation were randomised to receive an enteral emulsion containing 60\u2009mg\/kg\/day of DHA or a control emulsion from within the first 3 days of enteral feeding until 36 weeks\u2019 postmenstrual age.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Children will undergo multiple measures of attention at 18 months\u2019 corrected age. The primary outcome is the average time to be distracted when attention is focused on a toy. Secondary outcomes are other aspects of attention, and (where possible) an assessment of cognition, language and motor development with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>A minimum of 72 children will be assessed to ensure 85% power to detect an effect on the primary outcome. Families, and research personnel are blinded to group assignment. All analyses will be conducted according to the intention-to-treat principal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All procedures were approved by the relevant institutional ethics committees prior to commencement of the study. Results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journal publications and academic presentations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"ACTRN12612000503820\" ext-link-type=\"uri\">ACTRN12612000503820; Pre-results<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,26]],"date-time":"2018-05-26T08:27:38Z","timestamp":1527323258000},"page":"e020043","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Assessing whether early attention of very preterm infants can be improved by an omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid intervention: a follow-up of a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Jacqueline F","family":"Gould","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Healthy Mothers, Babies and Children, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"},{"name":"School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Colombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Schiefelbusch Institute for Life Span Studies and Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Kansas, USA"},{"name":"Dole Human Development Center, Lawrence, Kansas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmel T","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Healthy Mothers, Babies and Children, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Makrides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Healthy Mothers, Babies and Children, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erandi","family":"Hewawasam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa G","family":"Smithers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121410362079000_8.5.e020043.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2252"},{"key":"2025121410362079000_8.5.e020043.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-010-9148-4"},{"key":"2025121410362079000_8.5.e020043.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2006.07.001"},{"key":"2025121410362079000_8.5.e020043.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.48.10.757"},{"key":"2025121410362079000_8.5.e020043.5","unstructured":"Volpe JJ . 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