{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T18:08:31Z","timestamp":1765822111382,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systemic treatment with alitretinoin is registered for all clinical types of severe chronic hand eczema. However, it is especially effective in the hyperkeratotic subtype and less effective in non-hyperkeratotic forms. Cyclosporine A (cyclosporine) is prescribed for hand eczema in daily practice as well. It has shown to be particularly effective in patients with vesicular hand eczema. The primary objective of this study is to compare efficacy of alitretinoin and cyclosporine in the treatment of severe recurrent vesicular hand eczema.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is an investigator-initiated randomised prospective open-label trial with blinded outcome assessment. Severity assessments and laboratory measurements will be conducted corresponding to daily practice. The study population will consist of 72 adult patients (age 18\u201375 years) with severe recurrent vesicular hand eczema. Patients are treated with either (group I) alitretinoin 30\u2009mg once daily or (group II) cyclosporine with a starting dose of 5\u2009mg\/kg\/day and a decrease in dosage after 8 weeks to 3\u20133.5\u2009mg\/kg\/day. The treatment period is 24 weeks for both drugs. Primary endpoint for efficacy is response to treatment, defined as an improvement of \u22652 steps on a Physician Global Assessment, using a validated Photoguide, after 24 weeks of treatment. Secondary endpoints are improvement of Hand Eczema Severity Index, Quality of Life in Hand Eczema Questionnaire and a Patient Global Assessment. Adverse events and time to response will be registered. Furthermore, cost-utility, quality-adjusted life years and cost-effectiveness will be assessed with the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire while monitoring costs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This protocol was reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethical Review Board of the University Medical Centre Groningen (reference METc 2015\/375). The study will be conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, in accordance with the Dutch Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"NCT03026946\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" specific-use=\"clinicaltrial pre-results\">NCT03026946<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ; Pre-results.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,11]],"date-time":"2018-07-11T08:31:29Z","timestamp":1531297889000},"page":"e020192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Study protocol: efficacy of oral alitretinoin versus oral cyclosporine A in patients with severe recurrent vesicular hand eczema (ALICsA): a randomised prospective open-label trial with blinded outcome assessment"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct03026946","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov","type":"preResults"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct01231854","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7214-7528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jart Ate Franke","family":"Oosterhaven","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie Louise Anna","family":"Schuttelaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121510053739000_8.7.e020192.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2009.01669.x"},{"key":"2025121510053739000_8.7.e020192.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12963","article-title":"Hand eczema in The Odense Adolescence Cohort Study on Atopic Diseases and Dermatitis (TOACS): prevalence, incidence and risk factors from adolescence to adulthood","volume":"171","author":"Mortz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"2025121510053739000_8.7.e020192.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2009.07061.x","article-title":"Guideline on the management of hand eczema ICD-10 Code: L20. 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