{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:50:14Z","timestamp":1790117414876,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sickness absence has been used as a central indicator of work disability, but has mainly been examined in single diseases, with limited follow-up time. This study identified the risk of long-term sickness absence (LTSA) of 32 chronic disease groups in the first year after diagnosis and the subsequent years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified chronic disease groups prevalent in the work force (26 physical and 6 mental conditions) requiring all levels of care (primary, secondary, tertiary), by national registers of diagnoses from all hospital visits and prescribed medicine in Denmark from 1994 to 2011.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A general population sample within the working age range (18\u201359 years) was drawn by Statistics Denmark. Participants not working before and during the follow-up period were excluded. A total of 102\u2009746 participants were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary and secondary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HRs of transitions from work to LTSA of each of the chronic conditions were estimated in Cox proportional hazards models for repeated events\u2014distinguishing between risk within the first (&lt;1\u2009year) and subsequent years of diagnosis (\u22651\u2009year) and an HR ratio (HRR): HR \u22651\u2009year divided by HR &lt;1\u2009year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Almost all the conditions were associated with significantly increased risks of LTSA over time. The risks were generally more increased in men than in women. Three main patterns of LTSA were identified across diseases: strong decreases of LTSA from the first to subsequent years (eg, stroke in men &lt;1 year: HR=7.55, 95% CI 6.45 to 8.85; \u22651\u2009year HR=1.43, 95%\u2009CI 1.20 to 1.74; HRR=0.23). Moderate or small decreases in LTSA (HRR between 0.46 and 0.76). No changes (HRR between 0.92 and 0.95) or increases in elevated risks of LTSA over time (HRR between 1.02 and 1.16).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 32 chronic diseases were associated with three different risk patterns of LTSA over time. These patterns implicate different strategies for managing work disability over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,30]],"date-time":"2018-06-30T05:25:35Z","timestamp":1530336335000},"page":"e020874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Long-term sickness absence of 32 chronic conditions: a Danish register-based longitudinal study with up to 17 years of follow-up"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Mette Andersen","family":"Nexo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Health promotion, Gentofte, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, The National Research Center of the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrine","family":"Carlsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analyses, The Danish Working Environment Authority, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, The National Research Center of the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merete Lund","family":"Hetland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COPECARE Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Glostrup, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torquil","family":"Watt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofie Mandrup","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, The National Research Center of the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Social conditions, Statistics Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakob Bue","family":"Bjorner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, The National Research Center of the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Optum Patient Insight, Johnston, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121410250623000_8.6.e020874.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61689-4"},{"key":"2025121410250623000_8.6.e020874.2","unstructured":"Organization WH. 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