{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:46:14Z","timestamp":1792799174063,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Few studies of tornado injuries have considered differences related to damage levels and Enhanced-Fujita (EF) scale ratings. This study aimed to evaluate the pattern, spectrum and geographical distribution of injuries related to the Yancheng tornado and provide guidelines for effective emergency medical strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study was conducted at three hospitals which treated patients with injuries related to the tornado in Yancheng, China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We obtained the records of 451 patients with tornado-related injuries. Of these, 401 valid trauma medical records were included; 50 other records were excluded for insufficient information. Informed consent was obtained from all patients by telephone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed patients\u2019 injury sites and types and used the abbreviated injury scale (AIS) to standardise injury severity. Geographical information system and non-parametric tests were used to analyse the effects of geographical factors on casualties.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women, middle-aged\/elderly individuals (age&gt;45 years) and children\/adolescents (&lt;18 years) accounted for 51.62%, 77.30% and 12.47% of injured patients, respectively. This caused a dumbbell-shaped age distribution. Head (46.63%), body surface (39.90%) and lower-limb (29.43%) injuries were common, as were soft-tissue injuries (90.77%), fractures (38.90%) and organ damage (19.70%). Minor injuries (AIS=1) were common (60.85%), whereas critical\/fatal injuries (AIS\u22655) were very rare (2.50%). Although the densities of injury varied among damage levels and EF ratings for different areas, area-wise differences in injury severity (AIS scores) were not significant (p&gt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recommend the use of helmets to prevent head injuries caused by tornadoes and suggest prioritising the treatment of high-risk head and multiple-organ injuries. Additionally, medical rescuers should follow the \u2018same quality and different quantity\u2019 principle: the injured in all affected areas should receive equal attention, but numbers of medical personnel should be allocated based on the level of effects from the tornado.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-021552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,22]],"date-time":"2018-06-22T07:55:42Z","timestamp":1529654142000},"page":"e021552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Pattern and spectrum of tornado injury and its geographical information system distribution in Yancheng, China: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Qiangyu","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military Health Service Management, College of Health Service, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yipeng","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military Health Service Management, College of Health Service, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military Health Service Management, College of Health Service, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military Health Service Management, College of Health Service, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junqiang","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military Health Service Management, College of 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