{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T03:41:24Z","timestamp":1775792484603,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","funder":[{"name":"NORHED funded SURVIVAL-PLUSS Project"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the prevalence and factors associated with dyslipidaemias in women using hormonal contraceptives.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional study<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three hundred and eighty-four consenting women, aged 18\u201349 years, who had used hormonal contraceptives for at least 3\u2009months prior to the study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study outcome<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dyslipidaemias (defined as derangements in lipid profile levels which included total cholesterol \u2265200\u2009mg\/dL, high-density lipoprotein &lt;40\u2009mg\/dL, triglyceride &gt;150\u2009mg\/dL or low-density lipoprotein \u2265160\u2009mg\/dL) for which the prevalence and associated factors were obtained.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of dyslipidaemias was 63.3% (95% CI: 58.4 to 68.1). Body mass index (BMI) (PR=1.33, 95%\u2009CI: 1.15 to 1.54, p&lt;0.001) and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) (PR=1.21, 95%\u2009CI: 1.03 to 1.42, p=0.020) were the factors significantly associated with dyslipidaemias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Dyslipidaemias were present in more than half the participants, and this puts them at risk for cardiovascular diseases. The high-risk groups were women with a BMI greater than 25\u2009Kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      and those who were on ART. Therefore, lipid profiles should be assessed in women using hormonal contraceptives in order to manage them better.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,19]],"date-time":"2018-10-19T08:54:34Z","timestamp":1539939274000},"page":"e022338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Dyslipidaemias in women using hormonal contraceptives: a cross sectional study in Mulago Hospital Family Planning Clinic, Kampala, Uganda"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Ritah","family":"Bakesiima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Byakika-Kibwika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James K","family":"Tumwine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan N","family":"Kalyango","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Nabaasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Najjingo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grace S","family":"Nabaggala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Olweny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Karamagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121523585627000_8.10.e022338.1","unstructured":"UNFPA. 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