{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T18:20:03Z","timestamp":1778523603137,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","funder":[{"name":"Youth Innovation Funding"},{"name":"China Mega-Project for Infectious Diseases Grant"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection is a major cause of several cancers such as gastric, pancreatic and lung. The relationship between\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      and tumour markers continues to remain unclear. The primary goal of this study is to clarify the associations between\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and six tumour markers (ie, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen (CA) 153, CA199, CA724, CA125 and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)). The secondary goal is to provide understanding for further research about\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and gastrointestinal cancer.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Observational retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study was performed in Beijing, China, where enrolled subjects had all passed health examinations during the period of 2012\u20132016. Subjects were categorised into\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      (+) and\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\u2013) group according to their infection status and the measured six biomarkers. We used logistic regression models and generalised linear models to explore the associations between\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and six tumour markers (ie, CEA, CA153, CA199, CA724, CA125 and AFP).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 14\u2009689 subjects were included and 6493 (44.2%) subjects were infected by\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      . The subjects had a mean age (1SD) of 45 (18) years. There were 4530 (31.0%) female subjects.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After adjusting for the confounding factors, infections with\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      were found to be significantly associated with abnormal ratios in CEA, AFP and CA724 of\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      (+) to\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\u2013) groups. Significant positive correlation was found between\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and CEA values (adjusted \u03b2\n                      <jats:bold>=<\/jats:bold>\n                      0.056; 95%\u2009CI 0.005 to 0.107; p=0.033).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this observational retrospective study, we observed the\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections in a Chinese population and found higher CEA level in\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      -infected subjects and abnormal ratios in CEA, AFP and CA724 in infected subjects to uninfected subjects. These findings may provide a basis for future exploration with\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      and tumour markers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,23]],"date-time":"2018-08-23T07:05:36Z","timestamp":1535007936000},"page":"e022374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Association between\n                    <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n                    infection and tumor markers: an observational retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Mei-Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mood Disorders and Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Musial","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mood Disorders and Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Management, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing-Bin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121513380325000_8.8.e022374.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21387"},{"key":"2025121513380325000_8.8.e022374.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.116.012211"},{"key":"2025121513380325000_8.8.e022374.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31679-8"},{"key":"2025121513380325000_8.8.e022374.4","unstructured":"WHO. 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