{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T20:29:13Z","timestamp":1775939353250,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Antibiotics have been routinely used for several decades against\n                      <jats:italic>Propionibacterium acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>P. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), but antibiotic resistance of\n                      <jats:italic>P. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      is becoming a global problem. Only one related Chinese study is available. The aim of this study was to assess the antibiotic susceptibility of\n                      <jats:italic>P. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      obtained from patients with acne in Southwest China.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This was a prospective cross-sectional study. Cutaneous samples were obtained from acne lesions on the face of 375 patients. Samples were cultured in anaerobic medium to identify the presence of\n                      <jats:italic>P. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Susceptibility tests of isolated\n                      <jats:italic>P. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      were performed for tetracycline, doxycycline, clindamycin, erythromycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin using the Epsilometer test.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>P. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      was isolated from 227 patients; 224 isolates (98.7%) were susceptible to doxycycline and 220 (96.9%) were susceptible to tetracycline, followed by clindamycin and clarithromycin in 101 (44.5%) and 102 (44.93%) isolates, respectively. Susceptibility of\n                      <jats:italic>P. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      was detected for erythromycin in 96 (42.3%) patients, followed by azithromycin in 94 (41.4%). Subjects who received antibiotics (topical and oral) had higher frequencies of antibiotic-resistant\n                      <jats:italic>P. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      as well as increased antibiotic minimum inhibitory concentrations compared with patients without antibiotic treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>P. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      was highly sensitive to cyclines (doxycycline and tetracycline).\n                      <jats:italic>P. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      showed higher resistance rates to macrolides\u2013lincosamides\u2013streptogramins antibiotics (such as erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin and clindamycin). The irrational use of antibiotics for acne treatment is probably a problem in China and elsewhere. These results suggest that dermatologists should be more prudent in prescribing antibiotics for acne.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]],"date-time":"2019-02-04T04:25:12Z","timestamp":1549254312000},"page":"e022938","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Antibiotic susceptibility of\n                    <i>Propionibacterium acnes<\/i>\n                    isolated from patients with acne in a public hospital in Southwest China: prospective cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Tingting","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenyi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qisa","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenjuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinju","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongjie","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.47"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.08.048"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6705.2005.0285b.x"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/592745"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2009.03.012"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.01.019"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04506.x"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2012.01626.x"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2011.01423.x"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05371.x"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05403.x"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04351.x","article-title":"Antibiotic-resistant Propionibacterium acnes among acne patients in a regional skin centre in Hong Kong","volume":"27","author":"Luk","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.067611-0"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.13149","article-title":"Multicenter cross-sectional observational study of antibiotic resistance and the genotypes of Propionibacterium acnes isolated from Chinese patients with acne vulgaris","volume":"43","author":"Fan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(08)80076-X"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms5030057","article-title":"The Skin Bacterium Propionibacterium acnes Employs Two Variants of Hyaluronate Lyase with Distinct Properties","volume":"5","author":"Nazipi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"2024051713295764000_9.2.e022938.17","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). 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