{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T16:02:44Z","timestamp":1778947364202,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","funder":[{"name":"The Health Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Engaging bereaved parents in the review process that examines their care before and after a perinatal death might help parents deal with their grief more effectively and drive improvements in patient safety. The objective of this study is to explore whether healthcare professionals would accept or support parent engagement in the perinatal mortality review process.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Qualitative focus group interviews. Transcripts were analysed with an inductive thematic approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two geographically distinct tertiary maternity hospitals in the UK.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five focus groups were conducted with clinical staff including midwives, obstetricians, neonatologists, nursing staff and chaplaincy services.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-seven healthcare professionals unanimously agreed that parents\u2019 involvement in the perinatal mortality review process is useful and necessary. Six key themes emerged including: parental engagement; need for formal follow-up; critical structure of perinatal mortality review meeting; coordination and streamlining of care; advocacy for parents including role of the bereavement care lead; and requirement for training and support for staff to enable parental engagement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Healthcare professionals strongly advocated engaging bereaved parents in the perinatal mortality review: empowering parents to ask questions, providing feedback on care, helping generate lessons and providing them with the opportunity to discuss a summary of the review conclusions with their primary healthcare professional contact. The participants agreed it is time to move on from \u2018a group of doctors reviewing notes\u2019 to active learning and improvement together with parents, to enable better care and prevention of perinatal death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-023792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,2]],"date-time":"2018-12-02T15:45:17Z","timestamp":1543765517000},"page":"e023792","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["PARENTS 2 Study: a qualitative study of the views of healthcare professionals and stakeholders on parental engagement in the perinatal mortality review\u2014from \u2018bottom of the pile\u2019 to joint learning"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1906-5069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danya","family":"Bakhbakhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Academic Women\u2019s Health, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christy","family":"Burden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Academic Women\u2019s Health, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Storey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISA, International Stillbirth Alliance, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4303-7845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander Edward","family":"Heazell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biological, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"},{"name":"Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Lynch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Academic Women\u2019s Health, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Timlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Academic Women\u2019s Health, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Gold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Siassakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Academic Women\u2019s Health, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.1","unstructured":"Office for National Statistics. Stillbirth. https:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/peoplepopulationandcommunity\/birthsdeathsandmarriages\/stillbirths (cited 9 Jan 2017)."},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.2","unstructured":"Draper ES , Kurinczuk JJ , Kenyon S , eds. MBRRACE-UK perinatal confidential enquiry: term, singleton, normally formed, antepartum stillbirth. Leicester: The Infant Mortality and Morbidity Studies, Department of Health Sciences, Un, 2015."},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.3","unstructured":"Francis R . The Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust Public Inquiry. 2013. http:\/\/webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/20140407084003\/http:\/\/www.midstaffspublicinquiry.com\/ (cited 5 Feb 2017)."},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.4","unstructured":"Care Quality Commission. Learning, candour and accountability: a review of the way NHS trusts review and investigate the deaths of patients in England. 2016. https:\/\/www.cqc.org.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/20161213-learning-candour-accountability-full-report.pdf (cited 29 Jan 2018)."},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.5","unstructured":"National Quality Board. National Guidance on Learning from Deaths - NHS England. 2017. https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/nqb-national-guidance-learning-from-deaths.pdf (cited 6 Oct 2017)."},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-017-1509-z","article-title":"Learning from deaths: Parents' Active Role and ENgagement in The review of their Stillbirth\/perinatal death (the PARENTS 1 study)","volume":"17","author":"Bakhbakhi","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PTS.0b013e31821b3c5f"},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.8","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine. Crossing the quality chasm; a new health systemf for the twenty-first century. Washington DC: National Academy Press, 2001."},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.9","unstructured":"Robert G , Bate P . Bringing user exprience to healthcare improvement. New York: Radcliffe Publishing, 2007."},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-7625.2011.00695.x"},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.11","unstructured":"Langley GL , Nolan KM , Nolan TW , et al . The improvement guide: a practical approach to enhancing oranizational performance. 2nd edn. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 2009."},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12695"},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12029","article-title":"\"Taking its toll\": the challenges of working in fetal medicine","volume":"40","author":"Menezes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2012.746953","article-title":"Psychological impact of stillbirths on obstetricians","volume":"26","author":"Farrow","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gold KJ , Kuznia AL , Hayward RA . How physicians cope with stillbirth or neonatal death: a national survey of obstetricians. Obs Gynecol 2008;112.","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31817d0582"},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7237.726"},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14259","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress symptoms in Swedish obstetricians and midwives after severe obstetric events: a cross-sectional retrospective survey","volume":"124","author":"Wahlberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0730-7659.2004.00291.x"},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2012.02.110166"},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e020164","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020164","article-title":"PARENTS 2 study protocol: pilot of Parents' Active Role and ENgagement in the review of Their Stillbirth\/perinatal death","volume":"8","author":"Bakhbakhi","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.21","unstructured":"HM Government. Child Death Review [Internet]. Statutory Guidance. https:\/\/consult.education.gov.uk\/child-protection-safeguarding-and-family-law\/working-together-to-safeguard-children-revisions-t\/supporting_documents\/Child_death_review_stat_guidance.pdf (cited 2 May 2017)."},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"2025121408023910000_8.11.e023792.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2013.0831"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-023792","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T16:02:52Z","timestamp":1765728172000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-023792"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-023792"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-023792","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}}}