{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T09:27:51Z","timestamp":1762507671769,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"DCURE Israel"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003975","name":"Israel Cancer Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003975","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Stanley Steyer Institute for Cancer Epidemiology and Research at Tel Aviv University, School of Public Health"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000200","name":"United States Agency for International Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000200","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005385","name":"Council for Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005385","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Understanding the correlates of premalignant gastric lesions is essential for gastric cancer prevention. We examined the prevalence and correlates of serological evidence of atrophic gastritis, a premalignant gastric condition, using serum pepsinogens (PGs) in two populations with differing trends in gastric cancer incidence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a cross-sectional study, using ELISA we measured serum PGI and PGII concentrations (Biohit, Finland), <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> serum IgG and cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) antigen IgG antibodies in archived sera of 692 Jews and 952 Arabs aged 25\u201378 years, randomly selected from Israel\u2019s population registry in age\u2013sex and population strata. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Using cut-offs of PGI &lt;30\u00b5g\/L \u2009or PGI:PGII &lt;3.0, the prevalence of atrophic gastritis was higher among Arab than Jewish participants: 8.8% (95% CIs 7.2% to 10.8%) vs 5.9% (95% CI 4.4% to 7.9%), increasing with age in both groups (p&lt;0.001 for trend). Among Jewish participants, infection with <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> CagA phenotype was positively related to atrophic gastritis: adjusted OR (aOR) 2.16 (95% CI 0.94 to 4.97), but not to non-CagA infections aOR 1.17 (95% CI 0.53 to 2.55). The opposite was found among Arabs: aOR 0.09 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.24) for CagA positive and aOR 0.15 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.41) for Cag A negative phenotypes (p&lt;0.001 for interaction). Women had a higher atrophic gastritis prevalence than men. Obesity and smoking were not significantly related to atrophic gastritis; physical activity tended to be inversely associated in Arabs (p=0.08 for interaction).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The prevalence of atrophic gastritis was higher among Arabs than Jews and was differently associated with the CagA phenotype.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-024689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T23:09:28Z","timestamp":1548889768000},"page":"e024689","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prevalence and determinants of serological evidence of atrophic gastritis among Arab and Jewish residents of Jerusalem: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1086-7559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khitam","family":"Muhsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronit","family":"Sinnreich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dafna","family":"Merom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gany","family":"Beer-Davidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hisham","family":"Nassar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Joseph Hospital, East Jerusalem and Department of Cardiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dani","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremy D","family":"Kark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, 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