{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T10:52:08Z","timestamp":1771671128772,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Surgical site infection (SSI) complicates 5% of all surgical procedures in the UK and is a major cause of postoperative morbidity and a substantial drain on healthcare resources. Little is known about the incidence of SSI and its consequences in women undergoing surgery for gynaecological cancer. Our aim was to perform the first national audit of SSI following gynaecological cancer surgery through the establishment of a UK-wide trainee-led research network.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design and setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a prospective audit, we collected data from all women undergoing laparotomy for suspected gynaecological cancer at 12 specialist oncology centres in the UK during an 8-week period in 2015. Clinicopathological data were collected, and wound complications and their sequelae were recorded during the 30 days following surgery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In total, 339 women underwent laparotomy for suspected gynaecological cancer during the study period. A clinical diagnosis of SSI was made in 54 (16%) women. 33% (18\/54) of women with SSI had prolonged hospital stays, and 11\/37 (29%) had their adjuvant treatment delayed or cancelled. Multivariate analysis found body mass index (BMI) was the strongest risk factor for SSI (OR 1.08[95% CI 1.03 to 1.14] per 1\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> increase in BMI [p=0.001]). Wound drains (OR 2.92[95% CI 1.41 to 6.04], p=0.004) and staple closure (OR 3.13[95% CI 1.50 to 6.56], p=0.002) were also associated with increased risk of SSI.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>SSI is common in women undergoing surgery for gynaecological cancer leading to delays in discharge and adjuvant treatment. Resultant delays in adjuvant treatment may impact cancer-specific survival rates. Modifiable factors, such as choice of wound closure material, offer opportunities for reducing SSI and reducing morbidity in these women. There is a clear need for new trials in SSI prevention in this patient group; our trainee-led initiative provides a platform for their successful completion.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-024853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,25]],"date-time":"2019-01-25T06:28:43Z","timestamp":1548397723000},"page":"e024853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Impact of surgical site infection (SSI) following gynaecological cancer surgery in the UK: a trainee-led multicentre audit and service evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Rachel L","family":"O\u2019Donnell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Northern Gynaecological Oncology Centre, Gateshead Foundation NHS Trust, Newcastle, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Angelopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Gynaecological Oncology, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesborough, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James P","family":"Beirne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Northern Ireland Centre for Gynaecological Oncology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Biliatis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Gynaecological Oncology, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Bolton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Gynaecological Oncology, Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Bradbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Northern Gynaecological Oncology Centre, Gateshead Foundation NHS Trust, Newcastle, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Craig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Northern Ireland Centre for Gynaecological Oncology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ketan","family":"Gajjar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Gynaecological Oncology, Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle L","family":"Mackintosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"St Mary\u2019s Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"MacNab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Gynaecological Oncology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thumuluru Kavitha","family":"Madhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Gynaecological Oncology, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"McComiskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"St Mary\u2019s Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Myriokefalitaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospital Leicester, Leicester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire L","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Gynaecological Oncology, St Bartholomew\u2019s Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nithya","family":"Ratnavelu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Northern Gynaecological Oncology Centre, Gateshead Foundation NHS Trust, Newcastle, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sian E","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Gynaecological Oncology, Liverpool Women\u2019s Hospital, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amudha","family":"Thangavelu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SGRN, Surgical Gynaecological Oncology Research Network, UK"},{"name":"Gynaecological Oncology, Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, 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Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1441-6050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yee-Loi Louise","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101810201462000_9.1.e024853.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2014.630","article-title":"Predictors of complications in gynaecological oncological surgery: a prospective multicentre study (UKGOSOC-UK gynaecological oncology surgical outcomes and complications)","volume":"112","author":"Iyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2025101810201462000_9.1.e024853.2","unstructured":"NICE Clinical Guidelines. 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