{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T16:19:38Z","timestamp":1793117978453,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","funder":[{"name":"the Branch grant of National key grants of Ministry of Science and Technology"},{"name":"the Key Discipline Construction Project of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"US National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the National Nature Science Foundation of China grants"},{"name":"Shanghai Health Bureau grant"},{"name":"the National Nature Science Foundation of China grants"},{"name":"the Shanghai Scientific Committee of China"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate the current prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors (CRFs) and renal disorders across serum uric acid (SUA) quartiles, and evaluate the relationships between SUA and CRFs and renal diseases in Shanghai population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Observational, cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were obtained from the physical check-up of local residents at three hospitals in Shanghai.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Residents were invited to take part in a physical check-up and provided informed consent. Exclusion criteria were diseases that resemble cancer, hepatic disease, and other coexisting illnesses including autoimmune kidney diseases and renal artery stenosis, individuals treated with xanthine oxidase inhibitors, and those with incomplete information. There are 26\u2009768 individuals in our study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary and secondary outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hyperuricaemia was defined as SUA \u22657\u2009mg\/dL in men and \u22656\u2009mg\/dL in women or taking xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Subjects were divided into gender-specific quartiles. We estimate the prevalence of CRFs and renal disorders across SUA quartiles. The relationships between SUA and CRFs and renal disorders in both genders were evaluated using logistic regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was a significant increase in the prevalence of major CRFs and renal diseases across SUA quartiles in a separate analysis among men and women (all p trend &lt;0.001). After multiple adjustment, hyperuricaemia positively correlated with obesity (male OR=3.165, p&lt;0.001; female OR=3.776, p&lt;0.001), hypertension (male OR=1.341, p&lt;0.001; female OR=1.289, p=0.006), dyslipidaemia (male OR=2.490, p&lt;0.001; female OR=3.614, p&lt;0.001), chronic kidney disease (male OR=7.081, p&lt;0.001; female OR=11.571, p&lt;0.001) and nephrolithiasis (male OR=1.469, p&lt;0.001; female OR=1.242, p=0.041), but negatively correlated with diabetes mellitus (male OR=0.206, p&lt;0.001; female OR=0.524, p&lt;0.001). There was a stronger association between hyperuricaemia and clustered CRFs as well as chronic kidney disease in women than in men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Shanghai population, concomitant with the elevated level of SUA, the prevalence of CRFs and renal diseases was rising. Hyperuricaemia was significantly associated with CRFs and renal disorders, especially in women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-025453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]],"date-time":"2019-03-02T05:26:09Z","timestamp":1551504369000},"page":"e025453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Relationship between serum uric acid and clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors and renal disorders among Shanghai population: a multicentre and cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Tao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Pi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Baoshan Branch of First People\u2019s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingfeng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongbin","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory, Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shougang","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121300134377000_9.3.e025453.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2016.1218840","article-title":"Hyperuricemia, the kidneys, and the spectrum of associated diseases: a narrative review","volume":"32","author":"Jalal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"2025121300134377000_9.3.e025453.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2015.11.026"},{"key":"2025121300134377000_9.3.e025453.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000701"},{"key":"2025121300134377000_9.3.e025453.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1159\/000464260","article-title":"Elevated serum uric acid level predicts rapid decline in kidney function","volume":"45","author":"Kuwabara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"2025121300134377000_9.3.e025453.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-34-6-1421"},{"key":"2025121300134377000_9.3.e025453.6","first-page":"749","article-title":"Clustering of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study on the Inner Mongolian Population in China","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed Environ Sci"},{"key":"2025121300134377000_9.3.e025453.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-6160-8","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors with an emphasis on hypertension in the Mura Indians from Amazonia","volume":"18","author":"de Souza Filho","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025121300134377000_9.3.e025453.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matthews KA , Jennings JR , Lee L , et al . 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