{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T12:57:33Z","timestamp":1765976253129,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000975","name":"Kidney Health Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000975","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>People with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have up to 30-fold higher risk of stroke than the general population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine risk factors associated with stroke death in the ESKD population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified all patients with incident ESKD in Australia (1980\u20132013) and New Zealand (1988\u20132012) from the Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA) registry. We ascertained underlying cause of death from data linkage with national death registries and risk factors from ANZDATA. Using a competing risks multivariable regression model, we estimated cumulative incidence of stroke and non-stroke deaths, and risk factors for stroke deaths (adjusted sub-HR, SHR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 60\u2009823 people with ESKD. There were 941 stroke deaths and 33\u2009377 non-stroke deaths during 381\u2009874 person-years of follow-up. Overall, the cumulative incidence of stroke death was 0.9% and non-stroke death was 36.8% 5\u2009years after starting ESKD treatment. The risk of stroke death was higher at older ages (SHR 1.92, 95%\u2009CI 1.45 to 2.55), in females (SHR 1.41, 95%\u2009CI 1.21 to 1.64), in people with cerebrovascular disease (SHR 2.39, 95%\u2009CI 1.99 to 2.87), with ESKD caused by hypertensive\/renovascular disease (SHR 1.39, 95%\u2009CI 1.09 to 1.78) or polycystic kidney disease (SHR 1.38, 95%\u2009CI 1.00 to 1.90), with earlier year of ESKD treatment initiation (SHR 1.93, 95%\u2009CI 1.56 to 2.39) and receiving dialysis (transplant vs haemodialysis SHR 0.27, 95%\u2009CI 0.09 to 0.84).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with ESKD with higher risk of stroke death are older, women, with cerebrovascular disease, with hypertensive\/renovascular or polycystic kidney disease cause of ESKD, with earlier year of ESKD treatment and receiving dialysis. These groups may benefit from targeted stroke prevention interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-026263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,23]],"date-time":"2019-02-23T05:19:16Z","timestamp":1550899156000},"page":"e026263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Absolute risk and risk factors for stroke mortality in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD): population-based cohort study using data linkage"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7739-3656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole Louise","family":"De La Mata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Alfaro-Ramirez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics and Applied Statistics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick J","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Masson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rustam","family":"Al-Shahi Salman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela C","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121407594680000_9.2.e026263.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200304000-00002"},{"key":"2025121407594680000_9.2.e026263.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-012-0232-y","article-title":"Hemodiafiltration and survival of end-stage renal disease patients: the long journey goes on","volume":"44","author":"Schmid","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"2025121407594680000_9.2.e026263.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-0895"},{"key":"2025121407594680000_9.2.e026263.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2011.01.024"},{"key":"2025121407594680000_9.2.e026263.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191155","article-title":"Stroke risk and outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease: Two nationwide studies","volume":"13","author":"Cherng","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025121407594680000_9.2.e026263.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.6.659"},{"key":"2025121407594680000_9.2.e026263.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000019641.41496.1E"},{"key":"2025121407594680000_9.2.e026263.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000088722.56342.A8"},{"key":"2025121407594680000_9.2.e026263.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2016.00228"},{"key":"2025121407594680000_9.2.e026263.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03080707"},{"key":"2025121407594680000_9.2.e026263.11","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics. 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