{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T18:08:42Z","timestamp":1776794922677,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001030","name":"National Heart Foundation of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to quantify sex differences in diagnostic and revascularisation coronary procedures within 1\u2009year of hospitalisation for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or angina.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a prospective cohort study. Baseline questionnaire (January 2006\u2013April 2009) data from the Sax Institute\u2019s 45 and Up Study were linked to hospitalisation and mortality data (to 30 June 2016) in a time-to-event analysis, treating death as a censoring event.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was conducted in New South Wales, Australia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included participants aged \u226545 years with no history of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) who were admitted to hospital with a primary diagnosis of AMI (n=4580) or a primary diagnosis of angina or chronic IHD with secondary diagnosis of angina (n=4457).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The outcome of this study was coronary angiography and coronary revascularisation with percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft (PCI\/CABG) within 1\u2009year of index admission. Cox regression models compared coronary procedure rates in men and women, adjusting sequentially for age, sociodemographic variables and health characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among patients with AMI, 71.6% of men (crude rate 3.45\/person-year) and 64.7% of women (2.62\/person-year) received angiography; 57.8% of men (1.73\/person-year) and 37.4% of women (0.77\/person-year) received PCI\/CABG. Adjusted HRs for men versus women were 1.00 (0.92\u20131.08) for angiography and 1.51 (1.38\u20131.67) for PCI\/CABG. In the angina group, 67.3% of men (crude rate 2.36\/person-year) and 54.9% of women (1.32\/person-year) received angiography; 44.6% of men (0.90\/person-year) and 19.5% of women (0.26\/person-year) received PCI\/CABG. Adjusted HRs were 1.24 (1.14\u20131.34) and 2.44 (2.16\u20132.75), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Men are more likely than women to receive coronary procedures, particularly revascularisation. This difference is most evident among people with angina, where clinical guidelines are less prescriptive than for AMI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-026507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]],"date-time":"2019-07-23T15:29:01Z","timestamp":1563895741000},"page":"e026507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Variation in cardiovascular disease care: an Australian cohort study on sex differences in receipt of coronary procedures"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Alexandra Jane","family":"Fogg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian National University Medical School, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4415-5920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Welsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Banks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia"},{"name":"The Sax Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Abhayaratna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian National University Medical School, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia"},{"name":"Division of Medicine, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosemary J","family":"Korda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61682-2"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.2","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics. Causes of Death, Australia, 2016. Cat no. 3303.0. Canberra: ABS, 2017."},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.3","unstructured":"Australian Institute for Health and Welfare. Cardiovascular disease: Australian facts 2011. Cardiovascular disease series. Cat. no. CVD 53. Canberra: AIHW, 2011."},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2016.89","article-title":"Acute coronary syndromes in women and men","volume":"13","author":"Pagidipati","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mehta LS , Beckie TM , DeVon HA , et al . Acute myocardial infarction in women: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2016;133.doi:10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000351","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000351"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12471-010-0841-y"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-016-0783-0","article-title":"Gender Disparities Across the Spectrum of Advanced Cardiac Therapies: Real or Imagined?","volume":"18","author":"Bogaev","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rep"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"CMC.S37145","DOI":"10.4137\/CMC.S37145","article-title":"Acute coronary syndromes in women: recent treatment trends and outcomes","volume":"10","author":"Graham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Med Insights Cardiol"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.9","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Women and heart disease: cardiovascular profile of women in Australia. Cardiovascular disease series no 33 Cat no CVD 49. Canberra: AIHW, 2010."},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dym184"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.11","unstructured":"The Sax Institute. Questionnaires, 2008."},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-13-468"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.13","unstructured":"National Centre for Classification in Health. The Australian classification of health interventions (ACHI). 6th edition. Sydney: Tabular list of interventions and alphabetic index of interventions, 2007."},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109278","article-title":"Relationship between lifestyle and health factors and severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in 106,435 middle-aged and older Australian men: population-based study","volume":"9","author":"Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291702006074"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq433"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.17","unstructured":"StataCorp. Stata Statistical Software: Release 14. College Station, TX: StataCorp L, 2015."},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14017430410021516"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.56.10.791"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.crd.0000240901.89437.b8"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.05.091"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.22","first-page":"143","article-title":"ESC working group position paper on myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries","volume":"38","author":"Agewall","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.116.003443"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.726562"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(00)90017-6"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-017-0179-8","article-title":"Implicit bias in healthcare professionals: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"FitzGerald","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med Ethics"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-460","article-title":"Universal health care no guarantee of equity: comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in the receipt of coronary procedures in patients with acute myocardial infarction and angina","volume":"9","author":"Korda","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092286","article-title":"Validity of myocardial infarction diagnoses in administrative databases: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"McCormick","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh314"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(96)00009-1"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-10-26"},{"key":"2025121509174999000_9.7.e026507.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys223"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-026507","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T17:18:03Z","timestamp":1765819083000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-026507"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-026507"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-026507","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}}}