{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T02:52:01Z","timestamp":1790304721566,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Young people are a critical target group for sexually transmitted infections (STI) surveillance due to their particular behavioural and social related vulnerability. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics and trends in the incidence of gonorrhoea, syphilis, HIV and venereal lymphogranuloma (LGV) among 15\u201324-year-olds in Barcelona, and to determine factors associated with HIV coinfection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a population-based incidence study covering the 2007\u20132015 period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All new cases of STI\u2014HIV, gonorrhoea, infectious syphilis and LGV\u2014notified to the epidemiological surveillance system in Barcelona between 2007 and 2015. 1218 cases were studied: 84.6% were men, 19.3% were 15\u201319 years old and 50.6% were born in Spain. Among men, 73.7% were men who have sex with men (MSM); among women, 85.6% were women that have sex with men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Primary and secondary outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incidence of HIV, gonorrhoea, infectious syphilis and LGV. HIV coinfection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was an increase in the incidence of gonorrhoea, from 1.9 cases per 10\u2009000 people in 2007 to 7.6\/10 000 in 2015 (p&lt;0.01), in MSM from 27.1 to 228.8\/10 000 (p&lt;0.01). The incidence of syphilis increased from 0.4\/10 000 in 2007 to 3.1\/10 000 in 2015 (significant in men only, p&lt;0.01), in MSM from 18.1 to 116.9\/10 000 (p&lt;0.01). The incidence of HIV showed a non-significant increase in men (p=0.27), and that of LGV remained stable (p=0.59). Factors associated with increased risk of HIV coinfection included being MSM (adjusted OR[ORa]=14.14, 95% CI 3.34 to 59.91) and having &gt;10\u2009sexual partners (ORa=4.11, 95% CI 1.53 to 11.01) or STI diagnosis during the previous 12 months (ORa=2.06; 95% CI 1.13 to 3.77).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence of gonorrhoea and syphilis among 15\u201324-year-olds increased, while HIV infection remained stable but with a high incidence among MSM. Being MSM, having sex with multiple partners and having a diagnosis of an STI in the previous 12 months were factors associated with HIV coinfection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-027245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T09:56:32Z","timestamp":1557136592000},"page":"e027245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Sexually transmitted infections in young people and factors associated with HIV coinfection: an observational study in a large city"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8132-5645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexis","family":"Sent\u00eds","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Service, Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2221-5331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Martin-Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Service, Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Preventive Medicine and Public Health Training Unit PSMar-UPF-ASPB (Parc de Salut Mar - Pompeu Fabra University - Ag\u00e8ncia de Salut P\u00fablica de Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maider","family":"Arando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital de la Vall d\u2019Hebron, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mart\u00ed","family":"Vall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital de la Vall d\u2019Hebron, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Jesus","family":"Barbera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital de la Vall d\u2019Hebron, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inma","family":"Oca\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital de la Vall d\u2019Hebron, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez Cord\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merc\u00e8","family":"Alsina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gemma","family":"Martin-Ezquerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital del Mar, Universitat Auton\u00f2ma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hernando","family":"Knobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital del Mar, Universitat Auton\u00f2ma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merc\u00e8","family":"Gurgu\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro","family":"Vives","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Puigvert, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josep","family":"Coll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Tries i Pujol, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan Artur","family":"Cayl\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Service, Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Foundation of Tuberculosis Research Unit of Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Garcia de Olalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Service, Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121510460433000_9.5.e027245.1","unstructured":"WHO. 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