{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T06:44:29Z","timestamp":1774680269558,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pregnant women are more vulnerable to malaria leading to adverse impact on both mothers and fetuses. However, knowledge on the efficacy and safety of antimalarials in pregnancy is limited by the paucity of randomised control trials and the lack of standardised protocols in this special subpopulation. Pooling individual patient data (IPD) for meta-analysis could address in part these limitations to summarise accurately the currently available evidence on treatment efficacy and risk factors for treatment failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the treatment efficacy of artemisinin-based and quinine-based treatments for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in pregnancy, seven databases (Medline, Embase, Global Health, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science and Literatura Latino Americana em Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade) and two clinical trial registries (International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and ClinicalTrial.gov) were searched. Both interventional and observational cohort studies following up for at least 28 days will be included. IPD of the identified eligible published or unpublished studies will be sought by inviting principal investigators. Raw IPD will be shared through the web-based secure platform developed by the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network using the established methodology. The primary objective is to compare the risk of PCR-corrected treatment failure among different treatments and to find the risk factors. One-stage IPD meta-analysis by Cox model with shared frailty will be conducted. A risk of bias assessment will be conducted to address the impact of unshared potential data and of the quality of individual studies. Potential limitations include difficulty in acquiring the IPD and heterogeneity of the study designs due to the lack of standard.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This IPD meta-analysis consists of secondary analyses of existing anonymous data and meets the criteria for waiver of ethics review by the Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee. The results of this IPD meta-analysis will be disseminated through open-access publications at peer-reviewed journals. The study results will lead to a better understanding of malaria treatment in pregnancy, which can be used for clinical decision-making and conducting further studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PROSPERO registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD42018104013.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-027503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]],"date-time":"2019-08-23T04:54:08Z","timestamp":1566536048000},"page":"e027503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Efficacy of artemisinin-based and quinine-based treatments for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in pregnancy: a protocol for systematic review and individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1667-9287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makoto","family":"Saito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN), Oxford, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Disease and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3011-4952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rashid","family":"Mansoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN), Oxford, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Disease and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kalynn","family":"Kennon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN), Oxford, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Disease and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rose","family":"McGready","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Tropical Disease and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"},{"name":"Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Nosten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Tropical Disease and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"},{"name":"Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe J","family":"Gu\u00e9rin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN), Oxford, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Disease and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kasia","family":"Stepniewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN), Oxford, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Disease and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120618542522000_9.8.e027503.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000221","article-title":"Quantifying the number of pregnancies at risk of malaria in 2007: a demographic study","volume":"7","author":"Dellicour","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2025120618542522000_9.8.e027503.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e107","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30066-5","article-title":"Burden, pathology, and costs of malaria in pregnancy: new developments for an old problem","volume":"18","author":"Rogerson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025120618542522000_9.8.e027503.3","unstructured":"WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN) . 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