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Compared with non-app-using MSM, app-using MSM had a significantly higher prevalence of HIV testing within lifetime (adjusted OR (AOR): 1.48, 95%\u2009CI 1.27 to 1.72) and the past year (AOR: 1.36, 95%\u2009CI 1.18 to 1.57). App-using MSM were more likely to take an HIV test at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (AOR: 1.48, 95%\u2009CI 1.24 to 1.76) and community-based organisations (AOR: 1.71, 95%\u2009CI 1.44 to 2.03), but less often at gay venues (AOR: 0.49, 95%\u2009CI 0.37 to 0.63). Meanwhile, app-using MSM were more likely to take self-testing (AOR: 1.61, 95%\u2009CI 1.21 to 2.14). Predictors of HIV testing in the past year were: having an education level of college or higher (AOR: 1.29, 95%\u2009CI 1.01 to 1.65), being self-identified as a homosexual (AOR: 1.23, 95%\u2009CI 1.02 to 1.46), being recruited through clinic-based sampling (AOR: 1.30, 95%\u2009CI 1.06 to 1.60), using gay app (AOR: 1.49, 95%\u2009CI 1.21 to 1.83), engaging in group sex (AOR: 1.64, 95%\u2009CI 1.23 to 2.19), having received HIV-related service (AOR: 5.49, 95%\u2009CI 4.57 to 6.60), having a high level of HIV-related knowledge (AOR: 1.33, 95%\u2009CI 1.10 to 1.61) and high-risk perception (AOR: 2.95, 95%\u2009CI 1.40 to 6.23).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gay app use was significantly associated with increased HIV testing among MSM hard to reach by traditional outreach. Therefore, it is imperative to expand HIV testing among non-app-using MSM. Continued efforts, innovative strategies and increased resource are highly needed to realise the first \u201890\u2019 target.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-028933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,24]],"date-time":"2019-08-24T10:45:28Z","timestamp":1566643528000},"page":"e028933","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Relationship between gay app use and HIV testing among men who have sex with men in Shenzhen, China: a serial cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Lan","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China"},{"name":"Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengrong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaochu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liegang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinquan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121603243570000_9.8.e028933.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000233579.79714.8d"},{"key":"2025121603243570000_9.8.e028933.2","unstructured":"HIV testing and counselling: World Health Organization. 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