{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T17:24:46Z","timestamp":1783790686000,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["614247"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["614247"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Methotrimeprazine is commonly used for the management of nausea but never tested formally against other drugs used in this setting. The aim was to demonstrate superior antiemetic efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Double-blind, randomised, controlled trial of methotrimeprazine versus haloperidol.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>11 palliative care sites in Australia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were &gt;18 years, had cancer, an average nausea score of \u22653\/10 and able to tolerate oral medications. Ineligible patients had acute nausea related to treatment, nausea for which a specific antiemetic was indicated, were about to undergo a procedure or had received either of the study drugs or a change in glucocorticoid dose within the previous 48\u2009hours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on previous studies, haloperidol was used as the control. Participants were randomised to encapsulated methotrimeprazine 6\u00b725\u2009mg or haloperidol 1\u00b75\u2009mg one time or two times per day and assessed every 24\u2009hours for 72\u2009hours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A \u2265two-point reduction in nausea score at 72\u2009hours from baseline. Secondary outcome measures were as follows: complete response at 72\u2009hours (end nausea score less than 3), response at 24 and 48\u2009hours, vomiting episodes, use of rescue antiemetics, harms and global impression of change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Response to treatment at 72\u2009hours was 75% (44\/59) in the haloperidol (H) arm and 63% (36\/57) in the methotrimeprazine (M) arm with no difference between groups (intention-to-treat analysis). Complete response rates were 56% (H) and 51% (M). In the\n                      <jats:italic>per protocol<\/jats:italic>\n                      analysis, there was no difference in response rates: (85% (44\/52) (H) and 74% (36\/49) (M). Complete\n                      <jats:italic>per protocol<\/jats:italic>\n                      response rates were 64% (H) and 59% (M). Toxicity worse than baseline was minimal with a trend towards greater sedation in the methotrimeprazine arm.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study did not demonstrate any difference in response rate between methotrimeprazine and haloperidol in the control of nausea.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ACTRN 12615000177550.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-029942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]],"date-time":"2019-09-12T17:05:59Z","timestamp":1568307959000},"page":"e029942","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Methotrimeprazine versus haloperidol in palliative care patients with cancer-related nausea: a randomised, double-blind controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1127-9951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janet Rea","family":"Hardy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Mater Misericordiae Ltd, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Cancer Biology and Care, Mater Research-University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Skerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3312-0645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Philip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Palliative Care, St Vincent's Hospital and the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8198-0375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phillip","family":"Good","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Mater Misericordiae Ltd, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Cancer Biology and Care, Mater Research-University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Palliative Care, St Vincent's Private Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C","family":"Currow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative and Supportive Services, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of General Practice, University of Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8946-8504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patsy","family":"Yates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121601181765000_9.9.e029942.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(00)00160-3"},{"key":"2025121601181765000_9.9.e029942.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-012-1574-9"},{"key":"2025121601181765000_9.9.e029942.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3240","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.74.4789","article-title":"Antiemetics: American Society of clinical oncology clinical practice guideline update","volume":"35","author":"Hesketh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2025121601181765000_9.9.e029942.4","first-page":"333","article-title":"2016 updated MASCC\/ESMO consensus recommendations: management of nausea and vomiting in advanced cancer","volume":"25","author":"Walsh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"2025121601181765000_9.9.e029942.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murray-Brown F , Dorman S , Cochrane Pain, Palliative and Supportive Care Group . 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