{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T03:18:55Z","timestamp":1785813535467,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","funder":[{"name":"Department of Health and Social Care\u2019s National Institute for Health Research, Collaboration for Leadership for Applied Health Research and Care, East of England"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To apply and evaluate dementia-friendly community (DFC) principles in prisons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A pilot study and process evaluation using mixed methods, with a 1-year follow-up evaluation period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two male prisons: a category C sex offender prison (prison A) and a local prison (prison B).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>68 participants\u201450 prisoners, 18 staff.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The delivery of dementia information sessions, and the formulation and implementation of dementia-friendly prison action plans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Study-specific questionnaires; Alzheimer\u2019s Society DFC criteria; semi-structured interview and focus group schedules.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both prisons hosted dementia information sessions which resulted in statistically significant (p&gt;0.05) increases in attendees\u2019 dementia knowledge, sustained across the follow-up period. Only prison A formulated and implemented a dementia action plan, although a prison B prisoner dedicated the prisoner magazine to dementia, post-information session. Prison A participants reported some progress on awareness raising, environmental change and support to prisoners with dementia in maintaining independence. The meeting of other dementia-friendly aims was less apparent. Numbers of older prisoners, and those diagnosed with dementia, appeared to have the greatest impact on engagement with DFC principles, as did the existence of specialist wings for older prisoners or those with additional care needs. Other barriers and facilitators included aspects of the prison institution and environment, staff teams, prisoners, prison culture and external factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DFC principles appear to be acceptable to prisons with some promising progress and results found. However, a lack of government funding and strategy to focus action around the escalating numbers of older prisoners and those living with dementia appears to contribute to a context where interventions targeted at this highly vulnerable group can be deprioritised. A more robust evaluation of this intervention on a larger scale over a longer period of time would be useful to assess its utility further.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-030087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]],"date-time":"2019-08-09T05:26:30Z","timestamp":1565328390000},"page":"e030087","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Dementia-friendly prisons: a mixed-methods evaluation of the application of dementia-friendly community principles to two prisons in England"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9755-7686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha","family":"Treacy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Haggith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6025-6022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuwan Darshana","family":"Wickramasinghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"},{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0467-6393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tine","family":"Van Bortel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.300704"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.2","unstructured":"Ministry of Justice . Prison population: 31 March 2018. London: Ministry of Justice, 2018. Available: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-october-to-december-2017 [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.3","unstructured":"Allen G , Watson C . UK prison population statistics. House of Commons Library briefing paper. London: House of Commons Library, 2017."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.4","unstructured":"Ministry of Justice . Prison population projections 2017 to 2022, England and Wales. London: Ministry of Justice, 2017. Available: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/639801\/prison-population-projections-2017-2022.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2017.1286453","article-title":"Psychiatric disorders among older prisoners: a systematic review and comparison study against older people in the community","volume":"22","author":"Di Lorito","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.6","unstructured":"Moll A . Losing track of time: dementia and the ageing prison population. London: Mental Health Foundation, 2013. Available: https:\/\/www.mentalhealth.org.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/losing-track-of-time-2013.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Senior P , Forsyth K , Walsh E , et al . Health and social care services for older male adults in prison: the identification of current service provision and piloting of an assessment and care planning model. Health Services and Delivery Research. Southampton: National Institute for Health Research, 2013. Available: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK259270\/pdf\/Bookshelf_NBK259270.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018].","DOI":"10.3310\/hsdr01050"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/aft066"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.3761"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1002\/cbm.2023","article-title":"Cognitive impairment, self-perceived health and quality of life of older prisoners","volume":"28","author":"Combalbert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crim Behav Ment Health"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2017.07.004","article-title":"Old and dangerous: prison and dementia","volume":"51","author":"Cipriani","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.12","first-page":"35","article-title":"Older prisoners and the care act 2014: an examination of policy, practice and models of social care delivery","volume":"224","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prison Serv J"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnr131"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colegn.2017.05.004","article-title":"Vulnerable prisoners: dementia and the impact on prisoners, staff and the correctional setting","volume":"25","author":"Gaston","year":"2018","journal-title":"Collegian"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1177\/0308022617744509","article-title":"Dementia in prisons \u2013 enabling better care practices for those ageing in correctional facilities","volume":"81","author":"du Toit","year":"2018","journal-title":"British Journal of Occupational Therapy"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1002\/2327-6924.12189","article-title":"Dementia in the incarcerated elderly adult: innovative solutions to promote quality care","volume":"26","author":"Feczko","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Nurse Pract"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.17","unstructured":"Justice Committee . Older prisoners: fifth report of session 2013-14. London: House of Commons, 2013. Available: https:\/\/www.parliament.uk\/documents\/commons-committees\/justice\/older-prisoners.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70195-3","article-title":"Locked up and at risk of dementia","volume":"11","author":"Christodoulou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.19","unstructured":"Department of Health . The future organisation of prison health care. London: Department of Health, 1999. Available: http:\/\/webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/20110504020423\/http:\/\/www.dh.gov.uk\/prod_consum_dh\/groups\/dh_digitalassets\/@dh\/@en\/documents\/digitalasset\/dh_4106031.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.20","unstructured":"Care Act . UK: The Stationary Office, 2014. Available: http:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/2014\/23\/contents\/enacted [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.21","unstructured":"Health and Social Care Committee . Prison health. London: House of Commons, 2018. Available: https:\/\/publications.parliament.uk\/pa\/cm201719\/cmselect\/cmhealth\/963\/963.pdf [Accessed on 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.22","unstructured":"Department of Health . Prime Minister\u2019s challenge on dementia 2020. London: Department of Health, 2015. Available: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/414344\/pm-dementia2020.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.23","unstructured":"Department of Health . Prime Minister\u2019s challenge on dementia: Delivering major improvements in dementia care and research by 2015. London: Department of Health, 2012. Available: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/215101\/dh_133176.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.24","unstructured":"Alzheimer\u2019s Society . Guidance for communities registering for the recognition process for dementia friendly communities. London: Alzheimer\u2019s Society, 2013. Available: https:\/\/www.alzheimers.org.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-06\/DFC%20Recognition%20process%20-%20Guidance%20for%20communities_FS%20albert_4.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.25","unstructured":"Dean J , Silverside K , Crampton J , et al . Evaluation of the Bradford dementia friendly communities programme. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation, 2015. Available: https:\/\/www.jrf.org.uk\/report\/evaluation-bradford-dementia-friendly-communities-programme [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.26","unstructured":"Dean J , Silverside K , Crampton J , et al . Evaluation of the York dementia friendly communities programme. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation, 2015. Available: https:\/\/www.jrf.org.uk\/report\/evaluation-york-dementia-friendly-communities-programme [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.27","unstructured":"Henderson J . Dementia friendly communities: Edinburgh City initiatives 2014-2015. Edinburgh: Faith in Older People, 2015. Available: http:\/\/evaluationsupportscotland.org.uk\/media\/uploads\/resources\/dementia_friendly_edinburgh_final.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.28","unstructured":"Seydak E , Holmes M , Lynch S , et al . Building a dementia friendly community in Northern Ireland: learning from the DEED project in Derry. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation, 2015. Available: https:\/\/www.jrf.org.uk\/report\/building-dementia-friendly-community-northern-ireland-learning-deed-project-derry [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.29","unstructured":"Oxford Brookes University . Evaluation of Hampshire dementia friendly communities: final report. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 2015. Available: https:\/\/ipc.brookes.ac.uk\/publications\/publication_814.html [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.30","unstructured":"Oxford Brookes University . Oxford dementia challenge group: evaluation of dementia friendly communities project. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 2014. Available: https:\/\/ipc.brookes.ac.uk\/publications\/Oxfordshire_Dementia_Friendly_Communities_evaluation_-_August_2014.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.31","unstructured":"Innes A , Cutler C , Heward M , et al . Dorset dementia friendly communities project: final evaluation report (June 2014). Bournemouth: Bournemouth University, 2014."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/ajag.12484","article-title":"Systematic review of aged care interventions for older prisoners","volume":"37","author":"Stevens","year":"2018","journal-title":"Australas J Ageing"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee C , Treacy S , Haggith A , et al . A systematic integrative review of programmes addressing the social care needs of older prisoners. Health Justice 2019;7.doi:10.1186\/s40352-019-0090-0","DOI":"10.1186\/s40352-019-0090-0"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.34","first-page":"16","article-title":"Behind bars: the challenge of an ageing prison population","volume":"1","author":"Baldwin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Dementia Care"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.35","unstructured":"Human Rights Watch . Old behind bars: the aging prison population in the United States. New York: Human Rights Watch, 2012. Available: https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/report\/2012\/01\/27\/old-behind-bars\/aging-prison-population-united-states [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.28.3.156"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.37","unstructured":"INVOLVE . Briefing notes for researchers: involving the public in NHS, public health and social care research. Eastleigh: INVOLVE, 2012. Available: https:\/\/www.invo.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/9938_INVOLVE_Briefing_Notes_WEB.pdf [Accessed 18 Jun 2019]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.38","unstructured":"Her Majesty\u2019s Inspectorate of Prisons . HMP [Prison A (anonymised to preserve confidentiality)]. London: Her Majesty\u2019s Inspectorate of Prisons."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.39","unstructured":"Her Majesty\u2019s Inspectorate of Prisons . HMP [Prison B (anonymised to preserve confidentiality)]. London: Her Majesty\u2019s Inspectorate of Prisons."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.40","unstructured":"Alzheimer\u2019s Society . Foundation criteria for the dementia-friendly communities recognition process. London: Alzheimer\u2019s Society, 2014. Available: https:\/\/www.alzheimers.org.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-06\/DFC%20Foundation%20criteria_Fs%20Albert_4.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.41","unstructured":"University of Salford . Dementia friendly physical environments checklist. Salford, University of Salford, 2013. Available: http:\/\/www.dementiaaction.org.uk\/assets\/0000\/4336\/dementia_friendly_environments_checklist.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.42","unstructured":"Corp IBM . IBM SPSS statistics for Windows. version 23.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp, 2015."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-13-117","article-title":"Using the framework method for the analysis of qualitative data in multi-disciplinary health research","volume":"13","author":"Gale","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.44","unstructured":"QSR International Pty Ltd . NVivo qualitative data analysis software. version 11. Melbourne: QSR International Pty Ltd, 2011."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.45","unstructured":"Microsoft Corporation . Microsoft Word. version 16.0.4390.1000. Washington: Microsoft Corporation, 2016."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.46","unstructured":"Microsoft Corporation . Microsoft Excel. version 16.0.4390.1000. Washington: Microsoft Corporation, 2016."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.47","unstructured":"Dementia Action Alliance . Dementia action alliance: about, 2018. Available: https:\/\/www.dementiaaction.org.uk\/who_we_are [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.48","unstructured":"Ministry of Justice . Her Majesty\u2019s Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) workforce quarterly: June 2017. London: Ministry of Justice, 2017. Available: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/her-majestys-prison-and-probation-service-workforce-quarterly-june-2017 [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.49","unstructured":"Prison Reform Trust . Prison: the facts. Bromley briefings, summer 2018. London: Prison Reform Trust, 2018. Available: http:\/\/www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk\/Portals\/0\/Documents\/Bromley%20Briefings\/Summer%202018%20factfile.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.50","unstructured":"Ministry of Justice . Safety in custody quarterly bulletin: December 2017. London: Ministry of Justice, 2018. Available: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/safety-in-custody-quarterly-update-to-december-2017 [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.51","unstructured":"Ministry of Justice . Prison safety and reform. London: Ministry of Justice, 2016. Available: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/565014\/cm-9350-prison-safety-and-reform-_web_.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.52","unstructured":"Beard J , Allen G . Prison safety in England and Wales. House of Commons Library briefing paper. London: House of Commons Library, 2017. Available: https:\/\/researchbriefings.parliament.uk\/ResearchBriefing\/Summary\/CBP-7467 [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.53","unstructured":"Her Majesty\u2019s Inspectorate of Prisons . Annual report 2016-17. London: Her Majesty\u2019s Inspectorate of Prisons, 2017. Available: http:\/\/www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk\/hmiprisons\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2017\/07\/HMIP-AR_2016-17_CONTENT_11-07-17-WEB.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.54","unstructured":"Her Majesty\u2019s Inspectorate of Prisons . \u2018No problems \u2013 old and quiet\u2019: Older prisoners in England and Wales. London: Her Majesty\u2019s Inspectorate of Prisons, 2004. Available: https:\/\/www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk\/hmiprisons\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2014\/08\/OlderPrisoners-2004.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.55","unstructured":"Brunton-Smith I , Hopkins K . The factors associated with proven re-offending following release from prison: findings from waves 1 to 3 of SPCR \u2013 results from the surveying prisoner crime reduction (SPCR) longitudinal cohort study of prisoners. Ministry of Justice analytical series. London: Ministry of Justice, 2013. Available: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/491119\/re-offending-release-waves-1-3-spcr-findings.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.56","unstructured":"Omolade S . The needs and characteristics of older prisoners: results from the surveying prisoner crime reduction (SPCR) survey. Ministry of Justice analytical summary. London: Ministry of Justice, 2014. Available: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/368177\/needs-older-prisoners-spcr-survey.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.57","unstructured":"Ministry of Justice . Proven reoffending tables (3 monthly), April 2016 to June 2016. London: Ministry of Justice, 2018. Available: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/proven-reoffending-statistics-april-2016-to-june-2016 [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.58","unstructured":"House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts . Mental health in prisons: eighth report of session 2017-19. London: House of Commons, 2017. Available: https:\/\/publications.parliament.uk\/pa\/cm201719\/cmselect\/cmpubacc\/400\/400.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.59","unstructured":"Her Majesty\u2019s Inspectorate of Prisons . Her Majesty\u2019s Inspectorate of Prisons. Annual report 2015-16, 2016. Available: https:\/\/www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk\/hmiprisons\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/07\/HMIP-AR_2015-16_web.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.60","unstructured":"Prisons & Probation Ombudsman . Learning lessons bulletin: Dementia, 2016. Available: http:\/\/www.ppo.gov.uk\/app\/uploads\/2016\/07\/PPO-Learning-Lessons-Bulletins_fatal-incident-investigations_issue-11_Dementia_WEB_Final.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.61","unstructured":"Prisons & Probation Ombudsman . Learning from PPO investigations: older prisoners, 2017. Available: http:\/\/www.ppo.gov.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/6-3460_PPO_Older-Prisoners_WEB.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.62","unstructured":"Cornish N , Edgar K , Hewson A , et al . Social care or systemic neglect? older people on release from prison. London: Prison Reform Trust, 2016. Available: http:\/\/www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk\/Portals\/0\/Documents\/Older-prisoner-resettlement.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.63","unstructured":"Ministry of Justice . Government response to the Justice Committee\u2019s fifth report of session 2013-14: \u2018Older Prisoners\u2019. London: Ministry of Justice, 2014. Available: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/256609\/response-older-prisoners.pdf [Accessed 06 December 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1017\/S0144686X15001373","article-title":"Prisons should mirror Society: the debate on age-segregated housing for older prisoners","volume":"37","author":"Wangmo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ageing Soc"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/0735648X.2014.894856","article-title":"The interplay between law and social science in the age-segregation debate","volume":"38","author":"Kerbs","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Crime Justice"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.66","unstructured":"Alzheimer\u2019s Society . Making Your Home Dementia Friendly. London: Alzheimer\u2019s Society, 2015. Available: https:\/\/www.alzheimers.org.uk\/get-support\/making-your-home-dementia-friendly [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.67","unstructured":"The King\u2019s Fund . Developing supportive design for people with dementia: The King\u2019s Fund Enhancing the Healing Environment Programme 2009-2012. London: The King\u2019s Fund, 2013. Available: https:\/\/www.kingsfund.org.uk\/publications\/developing-supportive-design-people-dementia [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.68","unstructured":"The King\u2019s Fund . Environments for care at end of life: The King\u2019s Fund Enhancing the Healing Environment Programme 2008-2010. London: The King\u2019s Fund, 2011. Available: https:\/\/www.kingsfund.org.uk\/publications\/environments-care-end-life [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.69","unstructured":"The Howard League for Penal Reform . Preventing prison suicides: perspectives from the inside. London: The Howard League for Penal Reform, 2016. Available: https:\/\/howardleague.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/Preventing-prison-suicide.pdf [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.70","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence . Dementia: assessment, management and support for people living with dementia and their carers. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2018. Available: https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng97\/chapter\/Recommendations#supporting-carers [Accessed 06 Dec 2018]."},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.7748\/ns.2017.e10468","article-title":"Prisoner peer caregiving: a literature review","volume":"31","author":"Stewart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nursing Standard"},{"key":"2025121222575840000_9.8.e030087.72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dillon G , Vinter LP , Winder B , et al . \u2018The guy might not even be able to remember why he\u2019s here and what he\u2019s in for and why he\u2019s locked in\u2019: residents and staff experiences of living and working alongside people with dementia who are serving prison sentences for a sexual offence. Psychol Crime Law 2018:1\u201318.","DOI":"10.1080\/1068316X.2018.1535063"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-030087","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T06:58:14Z","timestamp":1765609094000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-030087"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-030087"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-030087","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}}}