{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T10:59:32Z","timestamp":1765709972709,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","funder":[{"name":"Capital Health Research and Special Development","award":["2016-1-1111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-1-1111"]}]},{"name":"National Key Technologies R&D Program","award":["2015BAI13B09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015BAI13B09"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubator Program","award":["PX2016001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PX2016001"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubator Program","award":["PX2019004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PX2019004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The best approach for choledocholithiasis remains a matter of debate. Choledocholithiasis is usually treated with endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST), laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) or laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct exploration (LTCBDE). Data pertaining to the clinical outcomes of these approaches in the management of patients with cholecysto-choledocholithiasis in China are limited. An analysis of the economic burden associated with these treatments is lacking. The Chinese REgistry Study on the Treatment of Cholecysto-Choledocholithiasis (CREST Choles) was designed to address these issues in a real-world setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CREST Choles was an ambispective, multicenter, observational, open-cohort study. A total of 2700 patients undergoing one of the three treatments (EST+laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), LCBDE+LC and LTCBDE+LC) during the period from 1 January 2013 to 1 December 2018 at participating centres were enrolled in the study. Patients with gallstones and confirmed common bile duct stones were included. Data pertaining to demographics, disease history, procedural details, imaging features and follow-up were collected. Follow-up was conducted at least 6 months after enrolment in the study and annual follow-up will be conducted until December 2020. The primary outcome is the rate of adverse outcomes within 3 years postoperatively. Economic analysis (eg, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio) would be performed to compare expense across treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethical approval was obtained at all participating centres. The registry presented is the first attempt to comprehensively evaluate the cost of treatment for cholecysto-choledocholithiasis in China. Findings are expected to be available in 2020 and will facilitate clinical decision making in such cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clintrialgov\" specific-use=\"clinicaltrial pre-results\" xlink:href=\"NCT02554097\">NCT02554097<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-030293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,25]],"date-time":"2019-11-25T04:34:21Z","timestamp":1574656461000},"page":"e030293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Protocol for the CREST Choles (Chinese REgistry Study on Treatment of Cholecysto-Choledocholithiasis) study: an ambispective, multicenter, observational, open-cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct02554097","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov","type":"preResults"}],"author":[{"given":"Jie-Gao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Beijing, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine Unit, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 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