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Identify the most important SES variable for the development of each cardiovascular risk factor. Investigate at what age SES inequality in overweight and obesity occurs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Longitudinal follow-up of a prospective birth cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) study includes data from children born between October 1997 and October 1999 in five counties of south east Sweden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A regional ABIS-study subsample from three major cities of the region n=298 adolescents aged 16\u201318 years, and prospective data from the whole ABIS cohort for overweight and obesity status at the ages 2, 5, 8 and 12 years (n=2998\u20137925).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood pressure above the hypertension limit, overweight\/obesity according to the International Obesity Task Force definition, low high-density lipoproteins (HDL) or borderline-high low-density lipoproteins according to National Cholesterol Education Program expert panel on cholesterol levels in children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For three out of four cardiovascular risk outcomes (elevated blood pressure, low HDL and overweight\/obesity), there were increased risk in one or more of the low SES groups (p&lt;0.05). The best predictor was parental occupational class (Swedish socioeconomic classification index) for elevated blood pressure (area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve 0.623), maternal educational level for overweight (area under the ROC curve 0.641) and blue-collar city of residence for low HDL (area under the ROC curve 0.641). SES-related differences in overweight\/obesity were found at age 2, 5 and 12 and for obesity at age 2, 5, 8 and 12 years (all p&lt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Even in a welfare state like Sweden, SES inequalities in cardiovascular risks are evident already in childhood and adolescence. Intervention programmes to reduce cardiovascular risk based on social inequality should start early in life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-030613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]],"date-time":"2020-02-21T04:36:25Z","timestamp":1582259785000},"page":"e030613","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Inequalities in cardiovascular risks among Swedish adolescents (ABIS): a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2963-6507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P\u00e4r","family":"Andersson White","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Health, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"},{"name":"Crown Princess Victoria Children\u2019s Hospital, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital, Linkoping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johnny","family":"Ludvigsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crown Princess Victoria Children\u2019s Hospital and Div. of Pediatrics, Dept. of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkopings universitet, Linkoping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael P","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Faresjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Health, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.109637"},{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108072","article-title":"Occupational class inequalities in all-cause and cause-specific mortality among middle-aged men in 14 European populations during the early 2000s","volume":"9","author":"Toch-Marquardt","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(02)02953-3"},{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(95)00461-0"},{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09718","article-title":"Childhood socioeconomic status and arterial stiffness in adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study","volume":"70","author":"Puolakka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.6","first-page":"S213","article-title":"Expert panel on integrated guidelines for cardiovascular health and risk reduction in children and adolescents: summary report","volume":"128 Suppl 5","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199211053271904"},{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2017.10.018","article-title":"Correlates of ideal cardiovascular health in European adolescents: the Helena study","volume":"28","author":"Henriksson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/25.6.1189"},{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-313226"},{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2005.00176.x"},{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12035","article-title":"Factors associated with development of excessive fatness in children and adolescents: a review of prospective studies","volume":"14","author":"Pate","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.738716"},{"key":"2025121221323065000_10.2.e030613.14","unstructured":"OECD . 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