{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T06:19:38Z","timestamp":1765779578848,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","funder":[{"name":"Centre for Person Centred Research, Auckland University of Technology","award":["internal contestable funding in anticipation of pu"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["internal contestable funding in anticipation of pu"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008205","name":"Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PBRF internal contestable funding upon acceptance"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PBRF internal contestable funding upon acceptance"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008205","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Neurology Special Interest Group of Physiotherapy New Zealand","award":["Neurology Special Interest Group Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Neurology Special Interest Group Grant"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010531","name":"Physiotherapy New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Scholarship Trust Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Scholarship Trust Award"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010531","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic shoulder pain is common after spinal cord injury (SCI) and limits community mobility. This leads to loss of independence and reduced quality of life. Evidence suggests that exercises can help reduce shoulder pain. However, cost, expertise and transport barriers frequently limit access to treatment services. The objective of this study is to develop an evidence-based, acceptable, usable and persuasive self-guided web-based exercise intervention to treat shoulder pain in people living with SCI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An iterative and phased person-based approach (PBA) will capture users\u2019 perspectives on usability and acceptability to develop guiding principles that will shape the design of the intervention. The intervention will be based on key elements identified through participant input and from evidence identified through systematic and narrative reviews, to ensure the intervention addresses participants\u2019 needs and increase the likelihood of uptake. The prototype will be iteratively refined through focus groups and think-aloud sessions. Review data will be synthesised drawing on systematic and narrative review conventions. Qualitative data will be analysed using conventional content analysis (planning phase) and directed content analysis (development phase) to inform intervention design and refinement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethical approval has been granted by the Auckland University of Technology Ethics Committee (AUTEC) in Auckland, New Zealand. The results of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant national and international conferences. A summary of findings will be presented to key stakeholder groups. We will progress to a definitive trial should the findings from this intervention development study indicate the intervention is acceptable and usable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-031012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]],"date-time":"2019-09-17T13:05:24Z","timestamp":1568725524000},"page":"e031012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Development of a self-guided web-based exercise intervention (SPIN) to treat shoulder pain in people living with spinal cord injury: protocol of a mixed methods study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9144-4189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Verna","family":"Stavric","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapy, School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Saywell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapy, School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola Maree","family":"Kayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Person Centred Research, School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100802"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2007.11753933","article-title":"The relationship of shoulder pain intensity to quality of life, physical activity, and community participation in persons with paraplegia","volume":"30","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rhu.0000230532.54403.25"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.1994.40","article-title":"Upper limb function in persons with long term paraplegia and implications for independence: Part I","volume":"32","author":"Pentland","year":"1994","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.5","first-page":"44","article-title":"Upper extremity pain in the postrehabilitation spinal cord injured patient","volume":"73","author":"Sie","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90285-X"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100860"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.10.003"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20060001"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.05.004","article-title":"Effectiveness of home exercise on pain, function, and strength of manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury: a high-dose shoulder program with telerehabilitation","volume":"95","author":"Van Straaten","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20100182"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0000000000000103","article-title":"Effectiveness of exercise programs for management of shoulder pain in manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury","volume":"39","author":"Cratsenberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurol Phys Ther"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101487"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-1842.2006.00686.x"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2012.53","article-title":"Exercise participation barrier prevalence and association with exercise participation status in individuals with spinal cord injury","volume":"51","author":"Cowan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"2025121422145478000_9.9.e031012.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.8.2.e10","article-title":"Why are health care interventions delivered over the Internet? 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