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Both researchers performed data extraction and quality assessment independently. A third researcher resolved discrepancies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study eligibility criteria<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cohort or nested case\u2013control studies were included which investigated pregnant women and performed metabolomics analysis to evaluate SGA infants. The primary outcome was birth weight &lt;10th centile\u2014as a surrogate for fetal growth restriction\u2014by population-based or customised charts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study appraisal and synthesis methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two independent researchers extracted data on study design, obstetric variables and sampling, metabolomics technique, chemical class of metabolites, and prediction accuracy measures. Authors were contacted to provide additional data when necessary.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 9181 references were retrieved. Of these, 273 were duplicate, 8760 were removed by title or abstract, and 133 were excluded by full-text content. Thus, 15 studies were included. Only two studies used the fifth centile as a cut-off, and most reports sampled second-trimester pregnant women. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was the most common metabolomics approach. Untargeted studies in the second trimester provided the largest number of predictive metabolites, using maternal blood or hair. Fatty acids, phosphosphingolipids and amino acids were the most prevalent predictive chemical subclasses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant heterogeneity of participant characteristics and methods employed among studies precluded a meta-analysis. Compounds related to lipid metabolism should be validated up to the second trimester in different settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PROSPERO registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD42018089985.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-031238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]],"date-time":"2019-08-10T13:05:34Z","timestamp":1565442334000},"page":"e031238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Examining the predictive accuracy of metabolomics for small-for-gestational-age babies: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8839-3934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debora Farias Batista","family":"Leite","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tocogynecology, Campinas\u2019 State University, Campinas, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Maternal and Child Health, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aude-Claire","family":"Morillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), University College Cork National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias F","family":"Melo J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinics Hospital, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato T","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fergus P","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, St Thomas Hospital, Cork, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Khashan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise C","family":"Kenny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, University of Liverpool School of Life Sciences, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1285-8445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Guilherme","family":"Cecatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paolo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121401350992000_9.8.e031238.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000429658.85846.f9"},{"key":"2025121401350992000_9.8.e031238.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000357592"},{"key":"2025121401350992000_9.8.e031238.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.15884","article-title":"Consensus definition of fetal growth restriction: a Delphi procedure","volume":"48","author":"Gordijn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2025121401350992000_9.8.e031238.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bukowski R , Hansen NI , Willinger M , et al . 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