{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T04:58:38Z","timestamp":1785733118020,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aims to analyse, from a descriptive and qualitative point of view, the episodes of violence reported by healthcare workers (HCWs) in a large public Italian hospital. Qualitative analysis permits us to collect the victims\u2019 words used to describe the event and the ways in which they dealt with it. A comparison between genders was performed to better understand what type of different strategies could be used to improve the prevention of workplace violence for HCWs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design and setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The retrospective observational study was carried out in \u2018Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza\u2019, a complex of four interconnected hospitals situated in Northern Italy. This study analysed aggression data from the 4-year period of 2015\u20132018 that included all HCW categories. The data were obtained from the aggression reporting form.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The analysed records were supplied by 396 HCWs (3.6% of all HCWs in the hospital).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Male HCWs aged &lt;30 years did not report violent episodes that occurred in the workplace, while male HCWs with 6\u201315 years of work experience reported more violent episodes than their female counterparts. Among the HCW professions, nursing was the profession, in which HCWs were more prone to experience a violent episode, while male medical doctors were more prone to report violent episodes than female medical doctors. Moreover, female HCWs experienced more verbal violence (insults) than male HCWs did, while male HCWs experienced more physical violence (bodily contact) than female HCWs did.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The findings from this explorative study suggest that there is a gender difference in the characteristics of workplace violence perpetrated by patients, patients\u2019 relatives and visitors and in the way in which these episodes are described. Consequently, it is important for informative and preventive courses to consider gender differences in experiencing a violent episode.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-031546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]],"date-time":"2019-11-11T06:16:09Z","timestamp":1573452969000},"page":"e031546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Gender differences in reporting workplace violence: a qualitative analysis of administrative records of violent episodes experienced by healthcare workers in a large public Italian hospital"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Daniela","family":"Acquadro Maran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2339-9838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio Giovanni","family":"Cortese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierluigi","family":"Pavanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Fornero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Michela","family":"Gianino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101814572783000_9.11.e031546.1","unstructured":"WHO . 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