{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T09:49:56Z","timestamp":1765878596090,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]],"date-time":"2020-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582848000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16\/137\/110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16\/137\/110"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As part of an ongoing, long-term project to co-create burn prevention strategies in Nepal, we collected baseline data to share and discuss with the local community, use as a basis for a co-created prevention strategy and then monitor changes over time. This paper reports on the method and outcomes of the baseline survey and demonstrates how the data are presented back to the community.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A community-based survey.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Community based in three rural municipalities in Nepal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>1305 households were approached: the head of 1279 households participated, giving a response rate of 98%. In 90.3% of cases, the head of the household was male.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found that 2.7% (CI 1.8 to 3.7) of 1279 households, from three representative municipalities, reported at least one serious burn in the previous 12 months: a serious burn was defined as one requiring medical attention and\/or inability to work or do normal activities for 24\u2009hours. While only 4 paediatric and 10 adult cases in the previous 12 months reached hospital care, the impact on the lives of those involved was profound. Only one patient was referred on from primary to secondary\/tertiary care; the average length of hospital stay for those presenting directly to secondary\/tertiary care was 21 days. A range of first-aid behaviours were used, many of which are appropriate for the local context while a few may be potentially harmful (eg, the use of dung).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The participatory approach used in this study ensured a high response rate. We have demonstrated that infographics can link the pathway for each of the cases observed from initial incident to final location of care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-033071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,29]],"date-time":"2020-02-29T04:35:27Z","timestamp":1582950927000},"page":"e033071","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Burns in Nepal: a participatory, community survey of burn cases and knowledge, attitudes and practices to burn care and prevention in three rural municipalities"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Kamal","family":"Phuyal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SAGUN: A Search for Harmony, Kupandol, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0181-2505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edna Adhiambo","family":"Ogada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Burn Injury Policy and Research, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Bendell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interburns, Swansea, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3767-0131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia E","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Burn Injury Policy and Research, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK"},{"name":"Interburns, Swansea, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Potokar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Burn Injury Policy and Research, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK"},{"name":"Interburns, Swansea, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121601445916000_10.2.e033071.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.08.059733"},{"key":"2025121601445916000_10.2.e033071.2","unstructured":"WHO . WHO factsheet on burns: March 2018. Available: http:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/burns [Accessed 7 May 2019]."},{"key":"2025121601445916000_10.2.e033071.3","first-page":"243","article-title":"Burns in the third world: an unmet need","volume":"30","author":"Stokes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Burns Fire Disasters"},{"key":"2025121601445916000_10.2.e033071.4","unstructured":"Mathers CD , Bernard C , Moesgaard Iburg K , et al . Global Burden of Disease in 2002: data sources, methods and results. In: Global programme on evidence for health policy discussion paper No.54. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 2003. http:\/\/www.who.int\/healthinfo\/paper54.pdf"},{"key":"2025121601445916000_10.2.e033071.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2017.02.024","article-title":"The global burden of child burn injuries in light of country level economic development and income inequality","volume":"6","author":"Sengoelge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"key":"2025121601445916000_10.2.e033071.6","unstructured":"Public Health Institute . Survey on risk factors for burn injuries in 0-5 year old children and related knowledge, attitudes and practices of their caregivers. Ulaanbaatar: Ministry of Health of Mongolia, 2009."},{"key":"2025121601445916000_10.2.e033071.7","article-title":"Epidemiology of burn injuries in Nepal: a systemic review","volume":"5","author":"Tripathee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Burns Trauma"},{"key":"2025121601445916000_10.2.e033071.8","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Population . Annual report, 2016. Kathmandu, Nepal: Department of Health Services, 2016."},{"key":"2025121601445916000_10.2.e033071.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2014.11.012"},{"key":"2025121601445916000_10.2.e033071.10","unstructured":"Sethi D , Habibula S , McGee K , et al . Guidelines for conducting community surveys on injuries and violence. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 2004."},{"key":"2025121601445916000_10.2.e033071.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2013.11.002","article-title":"The use of pictograms in the health care: a literature review","volume":"10","author":"Barros","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res Social Adm Pharm"}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-033071","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T09:45:10Z","timestamp":1765878310000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-033071"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-033071"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-033071","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2044-6055"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2044-6055"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}}}