{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T21:45:09Z","timestamp":1793742309196,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594166400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/igo\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"UNDP\/UNFPA\/UNICEF\/WHO\/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study sought to answer two questions: (1) what are the characteristics of young Kenyans aged 18\u201324 who use contraception obtained at pharmacies, and (2) why are pharmacies appealing sources of contraception?<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design and setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a mixed-methods study in one peri-urban part of Kwale County, Kenya. Methods included cross-sectional survey (n=740), six focus group discussions, 18 in-depth interviews and 25 key-informant interviews. Quantitative data analysis identified factors pushing young people to pharmacies for modern contraception versus other sources. Qualitative data analysis identified reasons pharmacies were perceived to be appealing to young clients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were (1) young people aged 18\u201324 from the study area, including a subset who had recently purchased contraception from a pharmacy; or (2) pharmacy personnel and pharmacy stakeholders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among surveyed participants who had ever had sexual intercourse and had used modern contraception at last sexual intercourse, 59% obtained it from a pharmacy. In multivariable analysis, participants who used a condom or emergency contraception as well as those living alone were significantly more likely to get contraception from pharmacies. Pharmacies were valued for their convenience, privacy, non-judgmental and personable staff, service speed, as well as predictable and affordable prices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings indicate a high percentage of young people in Coastal Kenya use pharmacies for contraception. Our inclusion of emergency contraception users partially explains this. Pharmacies were perceived to be everything that health facilities are not: fast, private and non-limiting. Policy-makers should recognise the role of pharmacies as contraception providers and look for opportunities to link pharmacies to the public health system. This would create a network of accessible and appealing contraception services for young people.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-034769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T10:24:25Z","timestamp":1676370265000},"page":"e034769","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Mixed-methods study on pharmacies as contraception providers to Kenyan young people: who uses them and why?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"isrctn85156148","registry":"10.18810\/isrctn"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2409-5043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lianne","family":"Gonsalves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research including UNDP\/UNFPA\/UNICEF\/WHO\/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Swiss Centre for International Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaspar","family":"Wyss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Centre for International Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9553-1132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny A","family":"Cresswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research including UNDP\/UNFPA\/UNICEF\/WHO\/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6766-9492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Waithaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Reproductive Health Kenya, Mombasa, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9636-165X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Gichangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Reproductive Health Kenya, Mombasa, Kenya"},{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriane","family":"Martin Hilber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Centre for International Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121605030468000_10.7.e034769.1","unstructured":"MacQuarrie KLD . 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