{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:34:28Z","timestamp":1790361268918,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,29]],"date-time":"2020-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585440000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"United Foundation for China's Health"},{"name":"Gynecologic Cancers Research Foundation"},{"name":"People's Republic of China"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Implementation of a novel, rapid, high-volume, see-and-treat cervical cancer screening programme using self-swab human papillomavirus (HPV) testing and digital colposcopy in underserved regions of Yunnan China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>480\u2013980 women per day self-swabbed for high-risk HPV (hrHPV+). Four careHPV machines (Qiagen) were run simultaneously to test the specimens. All hrHPV+ patients were contacted the same day and digital colposcopy was performed with the enhanced visual assessment system (MobileODT). Digital images were obtained, and all suspected lesions were biopsied and then treated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rural and underserved areas of the Yunnan province, Kunming municipality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3600 women, mean age 50.2 years, who had never been screened for cervical cancer. The women were of the Yi, Hui, Dai and Han ethnicities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cryotherapy was performed on all lesions suspicious for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 and loop electrosurgical excision procedure was performed on all lesions suspicious for \u2265CIN2. Endocervical curettage was performed if the transformation zone was not fully visualised.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>216 women (6%) were hrHPV+. 168 underwent same-day colposcopy (23 CIN1, 17\u2265CIN2). Digital colposcopy was able to identify 15 of 16 (93.8%)\u2265CIN2 lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study illustrates a high-volume, rapid and practical strategy that can be used to screen and treat an ethnically diverse group of Chinese women. First, HPV self-sampling allows large numbers of women to be screened rapidly and relatively inexpensively. Only hrHPV+ women\u2009will then require further evaluation. Digital colposcopy is then performed on hrHPV+ women with a portable digital colposcope. The high-resolution images obtained can facilitate appropriate same-day treatment as they are able to accurately distinguish between CIN1 and \u2265CIN2 lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-035153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T05:45:22Z","timestamp":1585633522000},"page":"e035153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Assessing the feasibility of a rapid, high-volume cervical cancer screening programme using HPV self-sampling and digital colposcopy in rural regions of Yunnan, China"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3486-2402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA"},{"name":"The Center for Vulvovaginal Disorders, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena Sophia","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Lipson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing United Family Hospitals and Clinics, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Bedell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Vulvovaginal Disorders, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing United Family Hospitals and Clinics, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah A","family":"Stamper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gal","family":"Brenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MobileODT, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gail R","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Annapolis Dermatology Center, Annapolis, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen Davis","family":"O'Keefe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bellingham Bay Family Medicine, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S Casey","family":"O'Keefe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Northwest Urology Specialists, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"McKenna","family":"O'Keefe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tierney","family":"O'Keefe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bellingham Bay Family Medicine, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amelia R","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing United Family Hospitals and Clinics, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121510555278000_10.3.e035153.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . 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