{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T16:41:11Z","timestamp":1776703271773,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,20]],"date-time":"2020-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579478400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PB-PG-1216-20007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PB-PG-1216-20007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) within the Children and Young People Secure Estate (CYPSE) is much higher than seen in the general population. To make a diagnosis of ADHD, clinicians draw on information from multiple sources, including parents and teachers. However, obtaining these is particularly difficult for young people in the secure estate. There is increasing evidence in the community that QbTest is able to assist in the accurate and earlier diagnosis of ADHD. The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of QbTest in the assessment of ADHD within the CYPSE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single-centre parallel group feasibility randomised controlled trial will be conducted. Sixty young people within the CYPSE identified as displaying possible symptoms of ADHD will be randomised to the intervention arm (n=30; QbTest plus usual care) or control arm (n=30; usual care). Primary analyses will be descriptive and a process evaluation will be conducted to assess the contexts involved in implementing the intervention. Interviews will be conducted to explore acceptability and thematic analysis will be used to analyse the data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethics and dissemination<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was approved by National Health Service Wales research ethics committee 3 (18\/WA\/0347) on 15 February 2019. The findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at relevant conferences and disseminated to the public via summaries cocreated with our patient and public involvement group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"ISRCTN\" xlink:href=\"ISRCTN17402196\">ISRCTN17402196<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-035519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,21]],"date-time":"2020-01-21T04:35:39Z","timestamp":1579581339000},"page":"e035519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["FACT: a randomised controlled trial to assess the feasibility of QbTest in the assessment process of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) for young people in prison\u2014a feasibility trial protocol"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9014-9965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte","family":"Lennox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5412-6165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte Lucy","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry & Applied Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lesley-Anne","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biostatistics, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryony","family":"Beresford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Policy Research Unit, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Forensic Psychology, Psychology Services Limited, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Kraam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Rotherham Doncaster and South Humber Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Doncaster, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikki","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry & Applied Psychology, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lloyd","family":"Wilkinson-Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development, Leeds Community Healthcare NHS Trust, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mindy","family":"Reeves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prathiba","family":"Chitsabesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust, Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancashire, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121222244428000_10.1.e035519.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714000762"},{"key":"2025121222244428000_10.1.e035519.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00331","article-title":"Prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in detention settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Baggio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025121222244428000_10.1.e035519.3","unstructured":"Hughes N , Williams H , Chitsabeasan P , et al . 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